Itchy skin of the body - causes and treatment for symptoms. Localized itching of the skin: heal, heal and no longer itch! Severe itching appeared

Itching is one of the most common dermatological complaints, and it can manifest itself not only in patients with dermatoses, but also in a wide range of general diseases. It is an unpleasant sensation accompanied by a continuous need for a mechanical response to the skin. Itching can significantly affect the general condition and quality of life of patients, causing insomnia, anxiety, and in severe cases, even lead to depression and suicidal thoughts.

Itching is a form of the skin analyzer, similar to other types of skin sensation (touch, pain). In contrast to pain, which causes the reflex of "withdrawal, avoidance", with itching, a reflex of "processing" arises. Scratching, rubbing, kneading, warming, pinching the itchy areas leads to instant, but not lasting, satisfaction. This is due to the fact that in the process of combing, stronger impulses are simulated in the nerve endings, which suppress the conduction of weaker itching signals from the affected areas. Severe itching is relieved only by severe self-harm, leading to the replacement of the sensation of itching with a feeling of pain. If itching exists for a long time, then a focus of pathological excitement is formed in the cerebral cortex and itching from a protective reaction turns into a standard skin reaction to various external and internal stimuli. At the same time, in response to prolonged scratching, the state of peripheral nerve receptors also changes, which leads to a decrease in the threshold for itching perception. Thus, a "vicious circle" is formed, the presence of which explains the difficulties in treating itching.

Itching is caused by mechanical, thermal, electrical or chemical stimulation of myelin-free nerve fibers, the free nerve endings of which lie on the border of the epidermis and dermis. They are excited either directly or indirectly, by releasing various mediators (histamine, serotonin, proteases, neuropeptides, etc.).

Physiological itching occurs in response to environmental stimuli (crawling of insects, friction, temperature changes, etc.) and disappears after the cause is eliminated. Pathological itching is caused by changes in the skin or throughout the body and causes a strong urge to get rid of the itching by scratching or other means.

Itching can be a symptom of various dermatoses (scabies, head lice, atopic dermatitis, allergic dermatitis, eczema, mycoses, psoriasis, lichen planus, etc.) or occur on unchanged skin in diseases internal organs... Endogenous causes of pruritus are very diverse:

If the cause of itching, even with a thorough examination, cannot be identified, then it is defined as itching of unknown genesis (pruritus sine materia).

For a correct assessment of itching, it is necessary to carefully collect an anamnesis and question the patient. Attention should be paid to the following characteristics of itching: time of onset, provoking factors, intensity, course, localization, character.

The intensity of itching can vary from mild to severe. For a more objective assessment, it should be clarified: whether itching interferes with falling asleep; whether the patient wakes up from itching; Whether the itching interferes with your daily work. Itching leading to sleep disturbance is considered severe.

Depending on the time of occurrence, they are distinguished - night, day, constant, seasonal. For example, with scabies and widespread eczema - the itching intensifies when patients go to bed; anal itching caused by pinworms occurs between two and three in the morning; with psychoneuroses - permanent.

Limited itching of the skin of any one anatomical region, as a rule, is caused by local causes. The presence of widespread and symmetrical itching suggests an intrinsic nature.

The sensation of itching can be "deep" or "superficial", it can have a tinge of burning, tingling (for example, dermatitis herpetiformis is characterized by burning itching, especially of the scalp). Itching - parasthesia is a tingling sensation, weak burning, creeping creeps, etc., develops with increased pain sensitivity of the skin and decreases with stroking or light pressure on the itching focus. Biopsy pruritus leads to deep damage to the skin.

As a result of prolonged itching and scratching, excoriation, pigmentation, scars, lichenification, pyoderma occur. The free edge of the nail plates is grinded, the nails look like polished. Objective signs are not required for a diagnosis of pruritus.

Features of itching in syndromes of different origins

Cholestatic (hepatic) pruritus Is one of the most painful and persistent symptoms of chronic cholestasis. It occurs in 100% of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and in almost 50% is a reason to see a doctor. More often it precedes all other symptoms of cirrhosis. Usually generalized, more pronounced on the limbs, thighs, abdomen, and with obstructive jaundice - on the palms, soles, interdigital folds of the arms and legs, under tight clothing.

Uremic itching in chronic renal failure, it can be local or diffuse, more pronounced on the skin of the neck, shoulder girdle, extremities, genitals, in the nose. Intense, worse at night or immediately after dialysis, and during the summer months.

Diabetic itching more often occurs in the anogenital region, auditory canals, in some patients it is diffuse.

Hyperthyroid pruritus observed in 4-10% of patients with thyrotoxicosis, diffuse, dim, unstable.

Hypothyroid itching is caused by dry skin, generalized, sometimes very intense, up to excoriation.

Climacteric itching observed mainly in the anogenital region, in the axillary folds, on the chest, tongue, palate, often has a paroxysmal course.

Itching in hematological and lymphoproliferative diseases... Generalized or local: Hodgkin's disease - over the lymph nodes, anogenital - with iron deficiency anemia, with polycethemia - on the head, neck, limbs. With polycethemia, stabbing, burning, aquogenic itching may precede the disease for several years.

Paraneoplastic itching sometimes it appears several years before the onset of the disease. It can be local or generalized, of varying intensity. For some forms of cancer, there is a specific localization of itching: in prostate cancer - itching of the scrotum and perineum; with cervical cancer - itching of the vagina; with rectal cancer - perianal region; with a brain tumor infiltrating the bottom of the IV ventricle, itching in the nostrils.

Senile itching occurs in almost 50% of people over 70 years old, more often in men and proceeds in the form of nocturnal attacks. The causes of senile itching are mainly endocrine disorders, atherosclerosis, dry skin. Senile pruritus is a diagnosis of exclusion; in order to diagnose it, another cause of itching must be rejected.

Localized itching

Itchy anus- extremely painful suffering, observed almost exclusively in men, especially after 40 years. It is often complicated by the appearance of painful cracks, streptococcal or candidal diaper rash, the formation of boils, and hydradenitis. Reasons: untidiness, hemorrhoids, helminthic invasion (enterobiasis), diabetes mellitus, constipation, proctitis, prostatitis, vesiculitis, intestinal dysbiosis.

Genital itching... It occurs in women after 45 years of age in the external genital area, less often in the vagina. Itching is painful, accompanied by the appearance of excoriation and dyschromia of the skin. Causes: leucorrhoea, urogenital infections, endocrine disorders (menopause), inflammatory diseases genitals, sexual neuroses. In girls, genital itching is observed with enterobiasis.

Itchy scalp often a manifestation of seborrheic dermatitis or psoriasis, it can also be a sign of diabetes. On the scalp, excoriation and bloody crusts are usually observed, as well as impetiginous elements as a result of a secondary infection.

Itching of the auricles and external auditory canals can be observed with eczema, seborrheic and atopic dermatitis, psoriasis.

Itchy nose may be a manifestation of hay fever, as well as with intestinal helminthiasis in children.

Itchy fingers observed with eczema, scabies, infestation of bird mites.

Itching of the skin of the lower extremities can be caused by varicose veins, varicose eczema, dry skin.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of pruritus requires special attention, since it may precede the manifestation of severe diseases. At the first stage, a physical examination is carried out with an in-depth study of the condition of the skin and, in the presence of skin manifestations, an in-depth dermatological examination. Every patient suffering from pruritus should be tested for dermatozoonoses. In cases where itching cannot be associated with any dermatosis, other causes should be sought. Screening for an itchy patient should include:

clinical blood test, ESR;
general analysis urine with determination of protein, sugar, sediment;
biochemical blood test (liver function tests: ALT, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase; fasting glucose; cholesterol; urea, uric acid, creatinine, acid phosphatase; determination of total protein and protein fractions; iron level and iron-binding capacity of serum, saturation of erythrocytes with iron);
analysis of feces for occult blood, helminths and their eggs;
chest x-ray;
functional examination of the thyroid gland, thyroxine level.

At the second stage, additional laboratory, ultrasound, X-ray, endoscopic, histological studies are carried out, based on expediency.

Patients with unexplained pruritus should be reevaluated periodically, as the underlying itching may occur later.

Treatment

Most effective treatment itching is a treatment for the disease that caused it. Unfortunately, this is not always possible, therefore, symptomatic therapy is prescribed in such cases. General therapy includes the use of sedatives, antihistamines, mast cell membrane stabilizers (ketotifen), hyposensitizers (calcium preparations and sodium thiosulfate), sequestrants and enterosorbents, salicylates. A wide range of physiotherapeutic methods is used: electrosleep, inductothermy of the adrenal glands, contrast shower, sulfur and radon baths, sea bathing. External therapy plays an important role in the treatment of itching, but most local preparations act for a short time. They are prescribed in the form of powders, alcohol and water solutions, shaken mixtures, pastes, ointments. For dry skin, antipruritic agents based on ointments and oils are more suitable. The antipruritic effect is possessed by: corticosteroid ointments, 5-10% anesthesin, 1-2% phenol, 5-10% diphenhydramine solution, water with vinegar (3 tablespoons of vinegar per 1 glass of water), lemon juice, chamomile infusion (10-20 flowers per 1 glass of water), etc.

Also, with itching of any genesis, it is necessary to eliminate provocative factors, such as dry skin, contact with irritating substances, degreasing the skin (coarse, alkaline soap), the use of certain products (alcohol, spices), as well as temperature changes in the environment.

In conclusion, I would like to emphasize that, despite the wide range of therapeutic methods and means, the treatment of itching remains a challenge.

Literature

Adaskevich V.P., Kozin V.M. Skin and venereal diseases. M .: Med. lit., 2006, p. 237-245.
Romanenko I.M., Kulaga V.V., Afonin S.L. Treatment of skin and venereal diseases. T. 2. M .: LLC "Medical Information Agency", 2006, p. 342-34.
Itchy skin. Acne. Urogenital chlamydial infection. Under. ed. E. V. Sokolovsky. SPb: Sotis. 1998, p. 3-67.

I. B. Mertsalova, Candidate of Medical Sciences

RMAPO, Moscow

Itchy skin is a fairly common unpleasant sensation that makes you want to scratch the affected area of the skin. Itching can be acute or chronic, local (felt on one specific area of the skin) or generalized. Itching in itself is not a disease - it is just one of the symptoms of some, disorders of the internal organs or the nervous system. However, severe itching can cause incredible suffering to a person. Itching is often harder to manage than pain.

Scratching leads to increased itching, redness and inflammation of the skin. Infection can penetrate the damaged sites, which causes pustular skin diseases.

Causes of itching

Ironically, the pathophysiology of pruritus is very complex. Itching is the result of a cascade of humoral and neuro-reflex reactions that can be triggered by various factors.

The most common causes of local itching are:

Itching of the genitals is observed mainly in women. The reason for this is abundant leucorrhoea, trichomoniasis, the irritating effect of urine in diabetes mellitus, gout, inflammatory diseases of the genital organs, sexual neuroses, in some cases pinworms in girls.

The causes of generalized itching include:

They also distinguish "senile itching" - inexplicable intense itching in people over 70 years old for no apparent reason.

Treatment

As we said, itching is not an independent disease, but a symptom. That is why, in the presence of pruritus, the doctor first conducts a thorough diagnosis (it can include a variety of studies depending on the clinical manifestations and the specific situation), and then prescribes treatment.

The following topical remedies can be used to relieve the itching sensation:

the effect of cold (cold shower, cold compress, a towel dipped in cold water; however, it should be remembered that prolonged exposure to moisture can adversely affect the skin in case of allergic diseases);
lotions with menthol and (have a local anesthetic effect, have a cooling and soothing effect on the skin);
topical antihistamines (creams and ointments).

Oral antihistamines and ointments containing glucocorticosteroids should not be used before consulting a doctor.

Avoid exposure to heat, bright sunlight, strenuous activity. Wear loose cotton clothing.

Itching of the skin of the body is a natural signal of malfunctions in the body. If your whole body itches or any particular area, there are red rashes or other additional abnormalities, then immediately consult a doctor. The doctor will be able to determine the cause almost immediately and tell you how to relieve itchy skin at home in your case, by appointing the appropriate effective drugs and methods of treatment. This post explains about skin conditions that cause itching. Study the material to get an idea of what people most often encounter when complaining about this symptom.

The most common causes of itchy skin on the body

Everyone has itching and discomfort in different ways and has a different spectrum of related phenomena. Let's consider in general terms the most common complaints from patients to dermatologists, listing the provoking diseases.

Features of psychogenic itching

Many are familiar with the condition when itching occurs in different parts of the body on a nerve basis. The root of the problem is mental disorders, for example, depression (most often), severe one-time or chronic stress, increased anxiety and usual fatigue. Such a phenomenon as psychosomatics has already been scientifically proven, that is, in the presence of strong negative emotions, health problems begin.

The second name for senile itching is senile itching. It turns out that exactly half of people in old age, namely after 70 years, suffer from the fact that their skin becomes dry. Itching develops from this. Overheating of the body from the desire to dress warmer, dry air in the home, frequent water procedures - all this increases the likelihood of problems.

Itching is caused precisely by the dryness of the skin of the body, which is unable to keep the required amount of moisture in itself, there are malfunctions of the sebaceous glands. It is also worth noting that the body of older people is hypersensitive to histamine, the ability of the dermis to regenerate normally decreases. The situation is aggravated by a poor diet and background depression. All factors together spoil the life of retirees.

Itching and rash on the skin

There can be a lot of causes of itching of the skin with a rash, only a doctor can accurately determine. This combination speaks of an infectious, skin or allergic ailment. A person notices that dots appear on his body and itch. These formations can be of different types - they look like vesicles, spots, nodules, red bumps, pustules, blisters, crusts, erosion, foci of desquamation and hyperpigmentation. Any pimples and sores on the body should not be touched, much less ripped off. It is better to treat the skin with a remedy prescribed by a doctor and take medication by mouth.

In the case of colonization of the intestine with worms, the anus and adjacent tissues begin to itch in a person, and this unpleasant sensation also passes into different zones.

Scabies

It is known that scabies, which manifests itself as itchy skin on the hands, elbows, abdomen, chest, buttocks and thighs, develops from the activity of microscopic mites.

Pediculosis

If the head itches a lot, mainly the occipital and temporal region, then it is quite possible to suspect pediculosis. In difficult cases, lice infiltrate the eyelashes and eyebrows. The worst progression of the disease is in people with long hair.

Demodecosis

Clothes itch

Microorganisms living in the folds of clothes cause the so-called itching. In this case, problem areas are localized in the area of tight fit of clothing.

Phthiriasis

With pubic lice (the second name is phthiriasis), itching of the skin is also worried, it is mainly felt in the groin. In this case, eyelashes, eyebrows, ear shell, beard, mustache are sometimes affected.

Itching with skin fungal infections

When the fungus multiplies on the skin of the body and pathogens act in the stratum corneum, pityriasis versicolor, erythrasma, actinomycosis are diagnosed.

Ringworm, or scientifically microsporia, can also cause unbearable itching. A similar discomfort on the epidermis provokes dermatophytosis, this group includes trichophytosis, favus and epidermophytosis.

Overweight people and people who neglect basic hygiene measures are mainly susceptible to candidiasis.

Itching with vitamin deficiency

When the body is in a state of vitamin deficiency, the skin dries and itches. It happens that a person lacks an important vitamin A, vitamin C or a whole spectrum of vitamins from group B. The skin can suffer if there is not enough zinc. Vitamin deficiency also appears acne, boils are formed.

Itching on the background of diabetes mellitus

With diabetes mellitus, a person has a critically increased percentage of glucose in the blood. One of the side effects of the disease is genital itching, as candidiasis develops on the mucous membranes. Diabetic neuropathy results in an itchy scalp. Generalized pruritus Uncommon in diabetics, it usually occurs due to metabolic disruptions that stem from diabetes and kidney problems. An endocrine disorder may be accompanied by itching, burning, and tingling of the skin of the body.

Itching from allergies

Contact dermatitis

An allergic reaction, as a rule, looks like contact skin dermatitis and develops after the application of cosmetics or medications externally, contact with tissues, jewelry and chemicals.

Eczema

Eczema is usually diagnosed in people who are prone to an allergic reaction. The disorder is formed when chronic diseases, occurs as a consequence of vaccination or a side effect of medications, is a consequence of stress or the consumption of allergenic food.

Hives

Urticaria of allergic etiology occurs as a reaction to dust, intolerance to drugs and allergenic products. It happens that the body itches and red spots appear after insect bites, a sharp temperature drop. Cold allergies also apply here. Often with hives, itching is combined with redness of the skin.

The chronic form of allergy is referred to as atopic dermatitis.

Itching during the female menopause

Hormonal shifts provoke many different disruptions in the body. Often, women with menopause note genital itching.

Itching after insect bites

When a person is bitten by insects, appropriate treatment must be carried out. Due to the presence of fleas in an apartment or house, itching of the skin at night can be disturbing.

Itching and liver disease

When a person has liver disease or biliary tract problems, a whole spectrum of disorders can be expected. Most often, cholestasis, cirrhosis, cholangitis, stones, obstructions, tumors and oncology, giardiasis are reflected on the skin.

Itching with immunodeficiency

If a person is infected with the immunodeficiency virus, then itching may bother him. Almost all cases of such malaise are associated with infections that develop against the background of a decrease in immune activity. The skin can itch and dry out a lot, and all this is exacerbated in winter.

Itching after drinking

After alcohol, the skin itches and red spots form - a common pattern, since this poison affects the entire body. The body reacts negatively to ethyl alcohol itself and poisonous additives, the liver works poorly or allergies develop due to the encoding.

Itching after water treatments

Itching of the skin after a shower is caused by poor-quality water, an unsuitable product for the skin type (soap, gel) or a latent disease.

Itching after eating

Itching immediately after eating occurs as a reaction to food and drink eaten. Reconsider your diet, it may contain potentially allergenic foods or switch to a hypoallergenic diet.

Itching along with nausea

If severe itching occurs along with nausea, this may indicate a disease. For example, this combination is observed in allergies, glomerulonephritis, scarlet fever, cholecystitis.

In most patients with dermatological or other disorders, the itching gets worse in the evenings.

In addition to the examples discussed, there are other reasons. Psoriasis, neurodermatitis, folliculitis, brain diseases - these disorders can also occur in combination with itching.

itchy skin can be a symptom of a serious illness, so an urgent need to go to the doctor for a diagnosis and choice of medications

How is itchy skin treated?

If you have itching and rashes on the face and neck, lower leg or feet, back or any other part of the body, then you do not need to wait for the problem to take on a large scale. As soon as possible, you should decide how to treat the itching of the skin of the body. The medicine for itching of the skin of the body is selected strictly individually, depending on the cause and state of health.

Ointments and creams for itchy skin

Below is a list and short description popular creams and ointments that can be bought at the pharmacy on the advice of a doctor.

Menthol ointments

They contain menthol:

Star;
Boromenthol;
Bom Benge;
Menthol oil.

The drugs cool, distract, relieve pain in case of mild allergic itching, insect bites, neurodermatitis, atopic dermatitis.

D-Panthenol

The ointment can be used from birth, relieves irritation and improves regeneration processes. It is used for itching against the background of dermatitis and skin recovery after injuries. The tool promotes quick treatment sunburn, relieves dryness, eliminates diaper rash and diaper dermatitis.

Nezulin

The preparation in the form of a gel-cream is made from plant materials, works as an anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agent. Without hormonal additives, suitable for children. Heals scratches, cracks, helps to eliminate dryness and itching, helps with insect bites.

Gistan

The cream contains plant substances and the antihistamine element Bitulin. The drug is intended to relieve itchy skin with photodermatosis, insect bites, neurodermatitis, urticaria. Not recommended for pregnancy and hepatitis B.

Triderm

The tool copes with severe itching, is effective for dermatosis, allergies, neurodermatitis, eczema, pityriasis versicolor. Helps relieve inflammation associated with secondary infection. You can not use the ointment without a doctor's prescription, since the drug is hormonal. Triderm is contraindicated up to 2 years and in the 1st trimester of pregnancy.

Fenistil

An antihistamine agent. Works well against insect bites, chickenpox rashes, itchy dermatosis and hives. In parallel with itching, redness and swelling are eliminated.

Sinaflan

The ointment is used in short courses, since it contains a hormone. The drug helps to almost instantly relieve itching and swelling with sunburn, insect bites. The remedy works well against itching and burning against the background of eczema, psoriasis, dermatitis and allergic reactions.

Psilo balm

The drug is prescribed for itching from urticaria, contact dermatitis, sunburn. Skin irritation can be treated with age restrictions - after 2 years.

also in complex therapy in the fight against itching of the skin, the following can be prescribed:

Zyrtec;
Heparin ointment;
Proctosan;
Candide;
Nystatin;
Miconazole;
Benzyl benzoate;
Nizulin;
Bactroban;
Lorinden;
Pimafucin;
Miconazole;
Clotrimazole;
Sulfuric ointment;
Oxolinic ointment;
Viferon;
Flucinar;
Infagel;
Dermovate;
Prednisolone ointment;
Hydrocortisone ointment;
Oxycort;
Hepatrombin;
Proctosedil;
Levosin;
Fucidin;
Belo-Salik;
Desitin;
Dropalen;
Advantan;
Elokom.

If you need to take pills along with external treatment, the doctor will tell you about this and choose the right drug himself.

Usually, a person cannot determine what caused the itching of the body, so it is obvious that with such a problem in any manifestation, you need to go to the hospital as soon as possible. Self-diagnosis, like self-medication folk remedies and herbs or pharmacy medicines chosen at random, can be useless, and possibly dangerous to life and health. This is especially true when it comes to skin problems in young children or in women during pregnancy. In order not to cause the progression of the disease and the deterioration of the condition in a child or an adult, it is necessary to start complex treatment with traditional drugs on time under the supervision of a doctor.

Types of itching and the cause

The mechanism of the itching sensation has not been fully understood until this time. Itchy and pain have common symptoms and similar causes. They are the effect of the totality of all factors on the periphery of the nervous system.

Based on research results, doctors have divided itching sensations into 4 groups, which differ in the sources of itching:

Psychogenic - a psychosomatic disorder arising from severe stress, a number of phobias and anxiety symptoms.

Neuropathic - caused by damage to areas of the brain responsible for skin sensitivity.

Pruritoseptive itching is nothing more than a symptomatology caused by skin diseases, allergies and dermatitis.

Neurogenic - arises as a result of a failure of natural processes in the body. At the same time, there is no direct connection with disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system.

In the overwhelming majority of cases, the first two types of itching appear for no apparent reason.

Usually, a person has healthy and clean skin, and itching is not accompanied by rashes. However, other types of itching are marked by vivid symptoms: rashes, swelling, peeling and roughness of the skin.

Itching also attacks the mucous membranes of the eyes, and the cornea, and the skin - similar sensations occur in any part of the body. If the visual cause of itching cannot be determined, this does not mean that it is harmless and will go away on its own, this is a good reason for consulting a doctor.

People who have reached the age of 60 sometimes feel unexplained itching all over the body, but do not observe reddening of the skin or rashes. Doctors believe that the reason for such phenomena is age-related changes in the body. These changes affect all systems of the human body and have similar consequences.

If the whole body itches. Causes

Itching can occur for a variety of reasons, from common allergies to serious illnesses. Undoubtedly, it is quite difficult to take into account absolutely all the reasons; doctors still cannot give a definitive answer as to why itching occurs. However, the most common are the following:

Skin fungus. In this case, the area is damaged, but sometimes the colonies of the fungus affect very significant areas, up to the whole body. In the presence of a fungus, itching is accompanied by redness, flaking of the skin, as well as hair loss.

Allergy is a reaction to substances that enter the body with food. People often complain of itching after taking excess amounts of vitamin C, niacin, and aspirin.

Scabies occurs when a scabies mite enters the skin. At first, pests affect one area of the skin, but if treatment is not followed, they easily multiply, affecting large areas. Itching on the skin intensifies towards night and its manifestations are most felt on the abdomen, wrists, groin and between the fingers.

Diabetes mellitus is a disease that disrupts the endocrine system and metabolism in general. Because of this, a hormone deficiency occurs in the body, which manifests itself as absent-mindedness, weakness and itchy skin all over the body.

Liver disease. With cirrhosis and hepatitis, the content of bile acids and bilirubin increases in the body. This can cause yellowing of the skin and itching.

Disorders in the work of the kidneys. If a failure occurs in their work, then nitrogenous compounds are formed in the tissue fluid, which are removed only with sweat, because of this, the skin itches.

Thyroid problems. Often people with a similar disease develop itching due to xerosis - dry skin caused by a lack of hormones.

Diseases of the lymphatic and circulatory system... Lymph and blood supply nutrients and oxygen to the skin cells. Changes in the chemical composition of these substances can cause inflammation, itching throughout the body and redness of the skin.

Disorders in the digestive tract. When a malfunction occurs in the intestines, toxins and toxins begin to accumulate, leading to a change chemical composition sweat. With the release of sweat, toxins enter the skin, which provoke itching all over the body and acne.

Phobias. Sometimes psychological aspects can be the cause of the disease. People who are panicky afraid of getting head lice or scabies often complain of itching. In addition, misophobes (people with an obsessive fear of germs and dirt) can also suffer from this.

Block related articles

No one-size-fits-all cure for itching has been invented because the underlying causes are too different to be addressed with a single method. Thus, the patient needs, first of all, to pass tests and then consult a doctor so that he prescribes treatment.

When unpleasant sensations arise, people immediately run to the pharmacy for all kinds of allergy remedies (Loratadin, Suprastin, Erius, etc.). All of them can not always help - only with a diagnosed allergic disease. If the itching is caused by diseases of internal organs or blood, various hormonal imbalances, then the effect of them can not be expected.

sea water (this is directly swimming in salt water or taking baths with sea salt);

medicinal baths with herbs of a sedative and antiseptic nature;

In order to avoid unpleasant sensations, you can follow simple hygiene rules: regular bed linen change, when choosing clothes, be guided by the environmental friendliness of the fabric, choosing natural materials. In winter, it is necessary to take good care of the skin of the body, excluding the likelihood of overdrying (with household chemicals) and weathering outside. Hands need delicate care most of all - they need to be washed regularly using delicate, allergen-free detergents.

An abundance of junk food and constant stress in life modern man- not the least reason for itchy skin. And, if earlier people suffered from this scourge due to lack of hygiene, now cases of psychological scabies have become more frequent. If possible, avoid conflicts and stressful situations, because health cannot be bought for any money!

Other materials

Itching is usually accompanied by unpleasant burning, tingling, and redness of the skin. Very often, this symptom appears as a result of skin interaction with chemicals, poisonous insects, plants, or other irritants. Also, itching on the body can appear due to allergens that enter the body through the mouth or injections. If such an ailment is found, you should immediately seek help from a dermatologist. Skin irritation and redness may indicate a person has a serious medical condition.

Whatever the reasons for which the whole body itches and itches, it is important to ease the discomfort as soon as possible.

In this article, we will detail the causes and treatments for itchy skin.

The main types of itching

Why does the body itch? This process occurs due to the fact that the person touches and begins to massage the affected area. After that, in this area of the skin, blood circulation processes are enhanced, toxins are removed from the lymph flow. Desire to scratch skin covering temporarily disappears, but over time the itching reappears.

Doctors have divided the itching of the skin of the body into two types:

Localized. Severe burning sensation occurs in certain areas of the skin (for example, in the perineum, anus, legs, arms, etc.).
Generalized. The unpleasant symptom covers the whole body. In this case, skin redness may be absent.

Both types of itching can be temporary or permanent. If a person has a strong burning sensation for a long time, then this can provoke the onset of other symptoms (sleep disturbance, lack of appetite, uncontrolled scratching of the skin until blood appears).

Doctors have found that itching on the skin worsens in the evening. This is due to the fact that the body temperature becomes higher and the vessels dilate. This in turn leads to increased blood circulation.

Common causes of itchy body skin

A burning sensation and tingling sensation of the skin can appear due to various diseases or upon contact with irritants. It is very difficult to independently identify the cause of such an ailment. So, let's consider what it can be.

One of the reasons the body may itch is hives.

In most cases, the body itches due to an allergic reaction. Any type of allergy has a negative effect on the skin. This is due to the production of histamine in the body. This substance violates the integrity of the structure of the epidermis.

An allergic reaction can cause itching throughout the body

Also, in some cases, the body itches due to a person's contact with external stimuli. Irritation may result from exposure to the following allergens:

chemicals (including cosmetic products);
contact with poisonous plants;
insect bites;
some food items;
side effect of taking medications.

It is extremely difficult to independently determine why the skin itches. Therefore, if redness, burning and tingling occurs, you should immediately seek help from a qualified specialist.

Diagnostics

Before starting therapy, it is necessary to identify the cause of the unpleasant symptom. To do this, you need to see a dermatologist. This doctor examines and treats skin conditions. If you are sure that the skin can itch due to an allergic reaction, then you should contact an allergist.

Patient diagnostics is carried out according to the following plan:

Examination of the skin.
Collecting information about the symptoms and well-being of the patient.
Laboratory research.

In order to make the correct diagnosis, the doctor prescribes an individual examination for the patient. The patient must donate blood (for biochemical, general and detailed analysis), feces and urine. He will also need to undergo X-rays, endoscopy and ultrasound (ultrasound). In some cases, the doctor may prescribe the patient an analysis for tumor markers.

These research methods help to identify irregularities in the work of organs, to detect inflammatory processes, allergic reactions and allow you to assess the state of the body.

Treatment methods

If you experience burning, tingling and redness of the skin, you should pay special attention to personal hygiene. If itchy skin all over the body, it is recommended to wipe the epidermis daily with vinegar solution. In the presence of localized itching (in the anus or perineum), it is necessary to thoroughly rinse these places twice a day (morning and evening).

Drug treatment

To eliminate unpleasant symptoms, ointments are used. It is worth remembering that these medicines are temporary in nature, and they will not help to permanently get rid of irritation on the skin.

The most effective medicines for external use:

Sinaflan. The ointment is applied to the affected area no more than four times a day. With prolonged use of the product, pigmentation disorders, dryness, hair loss, etc. may appear on the skin. Read the instructions before using the ointment.
Levomekol. An effective ointment for itchy skin, has an anti-inflammatory effect. Contraindications: hypersensitivity, the presence of a trophic ulcer or severe burns. Side effects when using the drug are extremely rare.
Fenistil gel. The agent is applied to the affected areas several times a day. Sometimes the gel can cause dry skin. If more serious side effects appear, you must immediately stop using the product.

Before applying medicinal ointments to the skin, be sure to read the instructions for use.

In most cases, skin irritation is due to elevated histamine levels. To eliminate the symptoms of itching, doctors recommend using antihistamines.

Tablets:

Suprastin. The dosage of the drug is prescribed individually (depending on the age and weight of the patient). Side effects are rare and pass quickly. Medicine should not be used in children under three years of age, during pregnancy, lactation and with lactose intolerance.
Erius. Common side effects when using tablets: dry mouth, weakness, headache, anaphylactic shock. The drug is contraindicated in lactating and pregnant women. Also, it should not be used for renal failure.
Claritin. The drug acts on the cause of the itching of the skin on the body. You can completely get rid of irritation in just one week. The dosage is no more than one tablet (10 mg) per day.
Tavegil. Take the tablets before meals with water. Children from 6 to 12 years old are recommended to drink 1/2 tablet a day. Dosage for adults and children over 12 years old - 1 mg twice a day (morning and evening).

Glucocorticosteroid-based ointments:

Triderm. This tool has an anti-inflammatory effect, quickly eliminates redness and irritation of the skin. Treatment lasts no more than one month. Side effects rarely appear when using the cream. Steroid ointment has a number of contraindications, read the instructions before using it.
Ftorocort. Medicinal ointment should not be used by pregnant and lactating women, young children. Also, this remedy is not recommended for use with fungus, syphilis and skin tuberculosis. It is necessary to apply the cream to the affected area 2-3 times during the day. If the whole body itches after using the medication, you should consult a doctor.
Lorinden. With prolonged use of steroid ointment, some side effects: dryness and short-term redness of the skin, violation of pigmentation of the epidermis. The product is applied in a thin layer to the skin no more than three times a day. The course of treatment is 2 weeks.

It is strictly forbidden to apply the above medications without a doctor's recommendation. Self-medication can worsen your health and lead to various complications.

Traditional medicine

What to do if the body itches, but you do not have the opportunity to visit a dermatologist? You can eliminate burning and redness using traditional medicine... It is worth remembering that home remedies only help temporarily relieve itching.

Consider the recipes:

First aid in case of inflammation is a cream with chamomile extract or glycerin. It is necessary to apply the cream 4 times a day.
If itching is caused by an insect bite, rub the affected area with alcohol.
Soda lotion. Mix a teaspoon of baking soda with water. If desired, you can add chamomile tincture or baby cream to the paste. Apply the resulting product to the skin, after a while rinse it off with water.
Mix equal proportions of tea tree oil and menthol. This product will pleasantly cool the skin, eliminate redness and irritation. Treat the itchy skin of the body until all symptoms have completely disappeared. Repeat the procedure several times a day.
Add chamomile tincture, baking soda, and salt to your bath. The duration of the procedure is 15 minutes.
Pumpkin seeds. In order to alleviate unpleasant symptoms, it is recommended to eat 2-3 tablespoons of seeds in the morning (on an empty stomach). You can also add them to various dishes (sauces, salads, drinks).
After showering, apply a small amount of olive oil to your body.

Preventive measures

Observing hygiene, you will protect yourself from many dermatological problems.

In order to prevent the development of itching of the skin of the whole body, it is recommended to carry out the following preventive actions:

Take care of your personal hygiene, but do not get carried away too much. Too frequent washing of the body and head leads to impaired sebum secretion. It is advisable to take a shower no more than once a day. Also try to use natural detergents and hypoallergenic soaps.
Install a humidifier at home. It will keep your skin healthy.
Avoid stress and emotional turmoil. To calm down, drink herbal tea every night.
Try not to wear synthetic fabrics as they can cause irritation.

You also need to monitor your diet. To prevent the development of itching throughout the body, it is necessary to exclude spicy, smoked, flour and fatty foods from the diet. Avoid foods that can cause allergies (alcohol, chocolate, oranges, grapefruit, nuts, etc.). Vegetables, lean meats, cereals and dairy products should be the mainstay of your diet.