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The site provides background information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases must be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. A specialist consultation is required!
Diagnostics of the acute and chronic glomerulonephritis
Diagnostics glomerulonephritis based on patient complaints, objective data obtained during the study, and data obtained during instrumental diagnostics. Diagnostic symptoms ( or patient complaints) glomerulonephritis are:
- general weakness and malaise;
- swelling of the face, feet, legs;
- change in the color and transparency of urine - urine can acquire a red, brown or cloudy hue, it becomes foamy, contains sediment;
- difficulty urinating ( sluggish stream);
- decrease in daily urine output ( urine volume);
- sometimes polyuria, that is, an increase in the daily volume of urine;
- arterial hypertension ( increased blood pressure).
Analyzes for glomerulonephritis
Glomerulonephritis is characterized by the presence of certain laboratory markers that reflect impaired renal function. The main such markers are proteinuria and albuminuria. So, one of the most important functions of the kidneys is to maintain the constancy of the protein composition of the blood. The membrane of the capillaries, from which the glomeruli are formed, is a kind of sieve. This sieve is capable of passing or retaining certain blood components. Normally, blood proteins do not pass through the membrane. However, with glomerulonephritis, these functions are impaired, as a result of which proteins, namely albumin, enter the urine and are excreted from the body. Therefore, proteinuria ( or protein in urine), which is carried out mainly at the expense of albumin, is an important diagnostic marker in favor of glomerulonephritis. This feature also speaks of a violation of the filtering function. Therefore, urinary protein levels are used as a marker of kidney damage.The second most important laboratory sign is hematuria - the presence of red blood cells in the urine. This symptom is most typical for acute glomerulonephritis and is less common in chronic.
Glomerulonephritis is accompanied by changes not only on the part of the general analysis of urine, but also on the part of the blood test.
Changes in the blood with glomerulonephritis are:
- hypoalbuminemia- a decrease in blood albumin ( less than 65 grams per liter), occurs due to the massive loss of proteins in the urine;
- anemia- a decrease in the concentration of hemoglobin and erythrocytes, due to their loss in the urine with hematuria;
- dysproteinemia- violation of the ratio of blood albumin and globulins, occurs due to massive loss of albumin;
- an increase in the concentration of urea, ammonia, creatinine ( signs of uremia) ;
- leukocytosis- an increase in blood leukocytes is an indicator of an acute process.
Research for glomerulonephritis
Ultrasonography ( Ultrasound) is informative only in chronic glomerulonephritis, since at this stage the kidneys shrink and decrease in size. In acute glomerulonephritis, the study is useless, since it does not reveal signs of inflammation.The main method for studying kidney function is to measure the glomerular filtration rate, abbreviated as GFR. In order to calculate this indicator, the Rehberg test is carried out, which is carried out according to the concentration of creatinine and the volume of urine excreted per unit of time. Normal GFR ranges from 80 to 140 milliliters per minute in men and from 75 to 130 in women. GFR rises in diseases such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, as well as in the early stages of nephrotic syndrome. A decrease in GFR indicates renal failure, that is, the final stage of glomerulonephritis.
GFR indicators ( glomerular filtration rate) with renal failure are:
- initial stage (compensated) renal failure - from 30 to 50 milliliters per minute;
- moderate stage (subcompensated) renal failure - from 15 to 30 milliliters per minute;
- final stage (decompensated) renal failure - less than 15 milliliters per minute.
Glomerulonephritis treatment
Treatment of acute glomerulonephritis begins with hospitalization of the patient in a hospital, where he is prescribed bed rest, special nutritional therapy and drug treatment. If there are chronic foci of infection in the body, for example, tonsillitis or otitis media, then antibacterial treatment is prescribed to eliminate them. Penicillin antibiotics are generally recommended. Penicillin is prescribed for a period of 7 to 10 days. The dose of the drug is selected exclusively individually - based on the vastness of the focus of infection and concomitant diseases. If the patient has high blood pressure, then diuretics are prescribed ( diuretics), enhancing the excretion of sodium from the body.
With pronounced edema and a decrease in daily urine output to 500 ml, hypothiazide and furosemide are shown, sometimes in combination with verospiron. Sometimes, namely in the nephrotic form of acute glomerulonephritis, glucocorticoids are shown. Usually, prednisone or dexamethasone is given. The scheme of their appointment is also strictly individual. It is important to know that drugs from this category are prescribed no earlier than 3-4 weeks after the onset of the disease.
Treatment of glomerulonephritis with folk remedies
In the treatment of glomerulonephritis, traditional medicine methods are very popular. Preparations made according to folk recipes help to strengthen the immune system, reduce swelling and reduce inflammation. At the same time, such funds should not be used as an independent type of treatment, since they have a mild effect, and the healing effect occurs after a long time period. The main component of such drugs are various natural ingredients, from which decoctions, juices or other forms of drugs are prepared. All types of folk remedies are divided into conditional groups depending on the effect they have.Groups of folk remedies for glomerulonephritis are:
- means for enhancing immune function;
- medicines to reduce inflammatory process;
- products against puffiness.
Means for enhancing immune function
To strengthen the barrier function, traditional medicine offers various recipes based on foods rich in vitamins and other valuable substances. Vitamin mixtures based on honey with the addition of dried fruits and nuts are popular with glomerulonephritis, since they all have a pleasant taste. In addition, such products do not contain liquids, so they can be used without restrictions ( according to the recipe). With glomerulonephritis, patients are advised to increase the amount of sugar, which is contained in sufficient quantities in these mixtures, which is also their plus.
The components of the recipe for strengthening the immune system are:
- dried apricots;
- raisin;
- figs;
- prunes;
To prepare the mixture, all components should be passed through a meat grinder, except for honey. Then pour the mass with honey and put it in a convenient container. The product is stored in the refrigerator for 1 - 2 months. You need to take a vitamin mixture in a teaspoon half an hour before a meal. The duration of therapy is 2 to 3 months.
Medicines to reduce inflammation
With glomerulonephritis, herbal decoctions are used, which contain various active compounds that suppress the inflammatory process. A drink is prepared from a tablespoon of a crushed plant and 500 milliliters of water. The suspension must be kept in a steam bath, filtered and drunk half a glass three times a day.
The plants that are used for anti-inflammatory infusions are:
In addition to herbal decoctions with anti-inflammatory action, alcoholic tinctures can be prepared. The use of the tincture will reduce the amount of fluid consumed, which is important for many patients with glomerulonephritis. For tincture, it is necessary to use only dry plants, which are filled with alcohol in a ratio of 10 to 1 and infused for 2 weeks. The filtered suspension is taken 10-15 drops three times a day 20-30 minutes before a meal.
Anti-puffiness products
With glomerulonephritis, the inclusion in the diet of various natural products that have a diuretic effect is shown. Increasing the amount of urine produced can reduce tissue swelling and normalize blood pressure. In addition to the diuretic effect, such products are distinguished by a valuable composition of vitamins and other substances necessary for the body.
Foods to eat against edema are:
- Watermelon. With glomerulonephritis, fasting days are recommended, during which you should eat from 1.5 to 2 kilograms of watermelon pulp. Such events should be carried out no more than once every 2 to 3 weeks. The peel of a watermelon also has a diuretic effect. To eat the peel, the flesh should be cut off, dried and then pulverized. Consume one tablespoon orally with the powder with water.
- Pumpkin, carrots. Pumpkin and / or carrot juice will help reduce swelling, which should be prepared on your own and taken 100 milliliters per day. Vegetables can also be baked or eaten raw.
- Viburnum, cranberries. These berries have a pronounced diuretic effect and also have an anti-inflammatory effect. Viburnum and cranberries can be taken orally in the form of fruit drink, for which the berries should be rubbed with sugar and poured warm water... Also, grated berries with sugar can be consumed in their pure form ( a tablespoon after eating).
- Leafy greens. Fresh parsley, celery and dill should be added to salads and other dishes, as these plants help reduce swelling and normalize blood pressure. You can make juice from celery stalks, which should be taken in 100 - 200 milliliters per day.
Sanatorium treatment for glomerulonephritis
Patients with glomerulonephritis are indicated for treatment in sanatoriums. A visit to the sanatorium is relevant both for the chronic form and for persons who have had acute glomerulonephritis. The best option for spa treatment are resorts located in coastal and desert areas. The climatic conditions of such regions, namely dry and hot air, intensify the processes of perspiration. The products of nitrogen metabolism are excreted from the body, which has a beneficial effect on the functionality of the kidneys. The spa treatment, which was carried out in accordance with all the rules, allows you to restore blood circulation in the kidneys, bring blood pressure back to normal and improve the general indicators of the patient's health.Indications for treatment in a sanatorium with glomerulonephritis
For patients who have suffered acute glomerulonephritis, a visit to the sanatorium is indicated if residual symptoms of the disease persist for a long time. Also, the resorts are recommended for those patients whose disease treatment lasted for more than six months. In the chronic form, sanatorium treatment is relevant for all forms of the disease if there are no contraindications. The best time to visit the resort areas is spring, summer and early autumn.
Procedures in sanatoriums for glomerulonephritis
In addition to the beneficial effects of the dry climate, the health-improving effect in sanatoriums is achieved through various physiotherapy procedures. Impact electric current, magnetic field and other factors can reduce swelling, reduce inflammation and strengthen the patient's immunity. There is a wide variety of physiotherapy procedures that can be performed on patients with glomerulonephritis. In most cases, patients are assigned a complex of several procedures, which are carried out at different time intervals. The treatment regimen is drawn up by a doctor who takes into account the form of the disease, the patient's condition and other factors.
The types of physiotherapeutic procedures for glomerulonephritis are:
- low frequency magnetic field ( conductors are located in the projection area of the kidneys);
- the introduction of pharmacological drugs through the skin using current ( electrophoresis);
- impact electric field ultra-high frequency ( UHF therapy);
- the effect of ultrasound on the lumbar region;
- applications from paraffin and ozokerite ( medicinal resin);
- the use of medicinal leeches ( hirudotherapy);
- visit to the steam room, infrared sauna;
- ingestion of medicinal mineral waters.
Spa treatment is contraindicated in the case when the patient has blood in the urine, which is visible to the naked eye ( macrohematuria). Severe edema and severe renal failure are also conditions for which spa treatment is not recommended. In the case when blood pressure values exceed 180/105 millimeters of mercury, visiting resorts is also not recommended.
Diet for glomerulonephritis
Patients with glomerulonephritis are shown a special diet, which must be followed in both acute and chronic stages. The purpose of the diet is to reduce the burden on the kidneys, reduce edema and normalize metabolic processes. There are two types of diet ( for acute and chronic forms of the disease), and each of them has special recommendations. However, there are rules that are identical for any type of diet for glomerulonephritis. Nutrition for glomerulonephritis
Patients with glomerulonephritis should follow a number of guidelines when choosing foods and preparing meals. The main provision of all types of diet for this pathology is the rejection of such heat treatments as frying, smoking, drying. The best method is to boil food in water or steam it. You can bake food in the oven, but care must be taken not to form a crust ( for this it is better to use foil). In addition to recommendations on the method of cooking, there are other general provisions of the diet for glomerulonephritis.General dietary guidelines for glomerulonephritis are as follows:
- the temperature of the food should be medium;
- salt is used only to add salt to prepared food;
- the number of meals should vary from 5 to 6 per day;
- consumption of foods with a high content of dyes, flavor enhancers and other additives should be minimized;
- preference should be given to seasonal vegetables and fruits;
- foods and dishes of exotic origin should be limited.
Diet for acute glomerulonephritis
With acute glomerulonephritis ( at the initial stages of the disease or during the exacerbation of the chronic form) patients should completely refuse food for 1 - 2 days. In the future, it is necessary to adhere to a low-energy diet with the complete exclusion of some foods. The decrease in energy value is carried out by a sharp limitation of the amount of protein food consumed. You should also moderately reduce the amount of fat and carbohydrates.- Proteins. In acute glomerulonephritis, the rate of pure protein is 20 grams, and half of them should be of the animal type.
- Fats. You need to consume about 80 grams of fat per day, of which 15 percent should be vegetable.
- Carbohydrates. The norm of carbohydrates per day is 350 grams, of which 25 percent should be sugar. Sugar should be replenished by consuming sweet fruits and berries. Sugar can also be used to sweeten food and drinks.
- The energy value. The total calorie content of foods should not exceed 2200 calories.
- Liquid. In acute glomerulonephritis, the volume of fluid you drink may exceed the total amount of urine excreted in the previous day by no more than 300 milliliters. The recommended amount of liquid includes not only drinking in its pure form, but also the water that was used to prepare the first courses.
- Salt. The daily salt intake ranges from 1.5 to 2 grams.
Products for acute glomerulonephritis
Product group | ||
Bread and flour products |
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Meat and products from it() |
In pure ( boiled or baked) form, no more than 50 grams. |
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Fish, seafood and fish products(with a high severity of the disease, it is completely excluded) |
In pure ( boiled or baked) form, no more than 50 grams. |
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Eggs | No more than one yolk per day. | Any options for egg dishes with undivided protein. |
Milk and dishes made from it |
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Fats |
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Cereals, legumes, pasta |
| All types of legumes. |
Vegetables, leafy greens |
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Fruits, berries |
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Desserts, sweets |
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Beverages |
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The rate of this or that product in the table is indicated for one day.
Despite significant restrictions in the choice of food, the patient's diet should be varied and complete in order to provide the body with all the necessary resources.
An example of a daily menu for acute glomerulonephritis can be:
- First breakfast. Porridge made from any cereals with butter, weak tea.
- Lunch. Fresh fruit or vegetable salad. Sour cream, vegetable oil can be used as a dressing.
- Dinner. Vegetable soup, boiled meat with potato garnish, jelly.
- Afternoon snack. Zucchini, carrot or pumpkin pancakes.
- Dinner. Pasta with milk. For dessert, there can be jelly or jelly.
- Late supper. Vegetable salad, fruit juice.
Diet for chronic glomerulonephritis
In the chronic stage of glomerulonephritis, the energy value of the diet and the norms of proteins / fats / carbohydrates ( in comparison with the diet in the acute form) increase. It should be noted that the transition from one type of diet to another should be carried out gradually. If, with the expansion of the diet, the patient's well-being worsens ( swelling appears, the volume of urine decreases), you need to return to the original menu.- Proteins. The rate of pure protein is increased to 40 grams per day.
- Fats. The amount of fat in chronic glomerulonephritis should vary from 90 to 100 grams, of which at least 25 percent should be vegetable.
- Carbohydrates. You should consume at least 500 grams of carbohydrates per day, among which there should be foods containing any form of sugar ( fructose, glucose).
- The energy value. The calorie content of the diet can vary from 2,700 to 3,000 calories.
- Liquid. The volume of fluid you drink should correspond to the amount of urine excreted the day before, or be 300 to 400 milliliters more.
- Salt. Daily amount consumed table salt should not exceed 3 grams.
In the chronic form of the disease, the list of products recommended for acute glomerulonephritis, which undergoes a number of changes, is taken as the basis for drawing up the daily menu. Several items are being added to the list of permitted food items, and the daily intake of some foods is increasing.
Supplements to the daily diet for chronic glomerulonephritis are as follows:
- the rate of meat / fish is increased to 100 grams;
- cottage cheese is introduced into the diet in an amount of not more than 100 grams;
- it is allowed to include one whole egg in the menu;
- the amount of potatoes increases to 300 grams;
- the rate of apples increases to 2 - 3 pieces.
Prevention of glomerulonephritis
The nature of the prevention of glomerulonephritis depends on the purpose for which and during what period preventive measures are taken. If measures are taken before the first symptoms of the disease appear, such prevention is called primary. In the case when the patient has already been treated for glomerulonephritis, secondary prevention is indicated. Primary prevention of glomerulonephritis
The purpose of all the activities carried out is to eliminate factors that can provoke the development of the disease. Also, primary prevention is aimed at strengthening the barrier function in order to increase the body's resistance to the action of trigger ( disease-provoking) factors.The primary prevention measures for glomerulonephritis are as follows:
- timely therapy infectious diseases;
- monitoring the state of foci of chronic infection;
- increasing the body's resistance to cold.
Glomerulonephritis often develops against the background of various infectious diseases. Most often, this kidney pathology occurs after inflammation of various parts respiratory tract (palatine tonsils, pharyngeal mucosa, sinuses). The likelihood of damage to the renal glomeruli increases if the causative agent of the infection is streptococcus. Therefore, the prevention of glomerulonephritis requires adequate therapy for all infectious diseases in compliance with the treatment time and other rules.
The general rules for the treatment of infectious diseases are as follows:
- identification of the causative agent of the disease and the application of appropriate treatment ( antibiotics or antiviral drugs);
- adherence to bed rest for the entire period of treatment;
- adherence to the period of taking prescribed drugs, even if the patient's well-being has improved significantly;
- maintenance therapy after completion of treatment ( vitamins, immunomodulators) in order to prevent repeated cases of the disease and the transition of the disease to the chronic stage;
- during and after treatment ( after 10 - 30 days) a urine test should be taken.
Chronic infectious diseases, especially of the respiratory tract, significantly increase the likelihood of developing glomerulonephritis. Often such diseases proceed without obvious symptoms and patients do not take any preventive measures.
Common signs of chronic infection are as follows:
- subfebrile temperature ( from 37 to 38 degrees);
- trouble falling asleep or waking up, shallow sleep;
- increased cereals, whole grain products). You also need to control the consumption of foods high in modified fats, caffeine, chemical additives, sugar, salt. A prerequisite for strong immunity is regular physical activity ( sports, dancing, swimming, hiking).
In the presence of chronic infections, anti-relapse therapy is recommended to a person, which is aimed at preventing exacerbations. For this, the patient is prescribed medications to strengthen the immune system. Various physiotherapy procedures ( irrigation, washing, heating). Anti-relapse therapy is carried out most often in the spring and autumn before the onset of seasonal exacerbations.
Increasing the body's resistance to cold
Hypothermia increases the risk of developing respiratory diseases, which, in turn, can lead to glomerulonephritis. Therefore, the development of resistance to cold is an important preventive measure of this kidney pathology. You can reduce the body's sensitivity to low temperatures and increase immunity by hardening. So that hardening of the body does not harm and be effective, it must be carried out based on a number of rules.The rules for hardening the body are as follows:
- you can not start procedures at the stage of exacerbation of diseases;
- at the beginning, the duration of any procedure should not exceed 1 - 2 minutes;
- subsequently, the procedure time should be gradually increased - 5 - 7 minutes for water sessions, 20 - 30 minutes for all other procedures;
- hardening measures should be carried out regularly ( daily or every other day);
- with a deterioration in health ( an increase in temperature, the appearance of chills) during or after the procedure, hardening should be stopped.
Tempering procedures include:
- walking barefoot on the grass, sand;
- wiping with a towel dipped in cool water;
- dousing with cool water;
- air baths ( exposure of the torso at an air temperature of 20 degrees, which should be gradually reduced to 14 degrees).
Secondary prevention of glomerulonephritis
The purpose of secondary prevention is to prevent the transition of glomerulonephritis to the chronic stage. If a patient has already been diagnosed with a chronic stage of the disease, preventive measures are taken in order to prevent an exacerbation of the disease.Secondary prevention measures for glomerulonephritis are as follows:
- adherence to a special regime in everyday life;
- refusal from certain working conditions;
- following the rules of the dietary diet;
- observation by a doctor.
Compliance with a special regime in everyday life
One of the important conditions for the prevention of glomerulonephritis is compliance special treatment... Physical and nervous stress negatively affects the functionality of the kidneys. Therefore, people who have suffered from this disease must control the level of stress and provide the body with high-quality and timely rest.Patients who have undergone an acute form of glomerulonephritis need for a certain period ( the duration is set by the doctor) observe the most gentle exercise regimen. Subsequently, physical activity should be gradually increased. In the morning, it is recommended to do a set of simple exercises, and in the evening to take walks. In this case, patients are shown an afternoon rest in a horizontal position. It is also recommended to rest after any physical activity. In the supine position, the blood supply and metabolic processes in the kidneys become more intense, as a result of which their functionality improves. In addition to the rest and physical activity, prevention of glomerulonephritis requires adherence to a number of other rules.
The provisions for the prevention of glomerulonephritis in everyday life are as follows:
- refusal from water sports and any activities related to prolonged stay in the water;
- prevention of hypothermia, especially during day and night rest;
- control of drafts and humidity levels in the rooms where the patient is located;
- female patients after the acute phase of the disease should abandon planning pregnancy for a period of at least 3 years.
People who have suffered glomerulonephritis need to avoid heavy physical and mental stress at work. Do not stay in a damp room for a long time or be exposed to cold. Secondary prevention of glomerulonephritis requires refusal to work, which involves contact with harmful and toxic substances. Work at night is contraindicated, as well as those activities that are associated with long business trips.Following the rules of the diet
Prevention of glomerulonephritis requires adherence to a special diet, which reduces the load on the kidneys and improves their functionality. Preventive nutrition for this disease implies a decrease in the volume of protein foods ( fish, dairy and meat products) and an increase in the amount of carbohydrates ( fruits, vegetables, cereals) in the diet. The norm of table salt that is allowed to be consumed without harm to the kidneys is 2 - 3 grams per day.
With the appearance of edema and an increase in blood pressure, it is recommended to completely abandon food for 1 - 2 days, and reduce the daily volume of fluid to 250 - 300 milliliters. Subsequently, the amount of fluid increases in accordance with the volume of urine excreted.Observation by a doctor
Regular testing and monitoring of your own condition is important condition prevention of glomerulonephritis. Patients who have suffered an acute form of this disease, after discharge from the hospital, are shown to be monitored by a doctor for 3 years, during which a series of examinations should be undergone. During the first 2 months after discharge, every 2 weeks should be taken general analysis urine and blood. In the future, the regularity is reduced to once every 2 months, and after the first year, tests should be taken once every 6 months. In addition to urine and blood tests, it is necessary to visit specialists such as an otolaryngologist every six months.
Diet for glomerulonephritis is an important component of proper treatment. The disease becomes a consequence of inflammatory processes in the renal glomeruli (glomeruli). Acute or chronic inflammation impairs blood filtration. In severe forms, not only glomeruli are affected, but also other parts of the kidneys. Most often, the disease is diagnosed in children and adolescents, but adults can also suffer from glomerulonephritis. To alleviate the condition, complex treatment is necessary, including strict adherence to the diet.
Glomerulonephritis is an insidious disease that can subside and worsen. The disease may not make itself felt for a long time, and then an acute attack occurs. In severe cases, nausea is possible, the patient experiences pain in the lumbar region. General weakness, drowsiness, apathy sets in, severe edema is possible. With timely diagnosis, the disease will be cured; in a neglected state, it can turn into a chronic form. Particularly severe cases are fatal. Fortunately, such outcomes are rare today.
To avoid seizures and go into remission, it is important to adhere strictly to your doctor's orders. The patient is prescribed medication, various procedures and, of course, diet. It helps to regulate the water-salt balance, excludes the intake of substances into the body that irritate the urinary system and worsen the condition of the already affected renal glomeruli. In a state of aggravation, the menu is especially strict, its task is to limit the intake of protein and salt into the body as much as possible. When the exacerbation has passed, you can switch to a sparing diet, it is practically indefinite.
Strict diet for exacerbation
The diet for renal glomerulonephritis in the acute period is considered quite tough. The menu includes only foods with a reduced protein content, they help remove swelling and regulate the amount of salt. During an exacerbation, it is allowed:
- low salt bread;
- the minimum amount of white poultry meat without skin;
- lean fish;
- carrots, tomatoes, potatoes;
- skim milk and fermented milk products.
You can add pasta to the diet (no more than 100 g of dry product per day). A small amount of sugar is allowed, salt and spices are completely excluded. It is better to steam, bake or boil dishes.
A decrease in edema and an improvement in the composition of urine indicates that the acute period is over. At this time, you can slightly diversify the table. The menu includes a variety of vegetables: cabbage, zucchini, eggplants, cucumbers, green salad. Vegetables contain naturally occurring sodium, which is easily absorbed and does not cause exacerbations. A slight salting of food and an increase in the amount of pasta made from coarse flour is possible.
In the period of prolonged remission, the diet becomes even more gentle. At this time, the menu includes lean meat, fish, seafood. Allowed vegetable oils in limited quantities.
Allowed Products
The diet for glomerulonephritis should be balanced and varied.
It is necessary to eat food in small portions 4-5 times a day. The main intake of calories should be in the first half of the day. The menu must include:
- Fruits and berries rich in vitamin C: apples, pears, citrus fruits, black currants, rose hips. You can make homemade fruit drinks and compotes from the fruits, eat fresh fruits, bake them without sugar, use them to make salads, soups, hot dishes. If fresh fruit is in short supply, take vitamin C capsules.
- A variety of vegetables. Tomatoes and root vegetables are preferred, which are rich in starch and provide the required amount of nutrients. Green vegetables that do not have a diuretic effect are useful: peas, green beans, cauliflower and Brussels sprouts, broccoli, head lettuce.
- Lean meat and fish. Preferred are white poultry, rabbit, lean veal and pork. Be sure to remove the skin from the meat and cut off all the fat. The fish should also be lean. Try pollock, cod, trout, pike perch.
Harmful dishes
The list of prohibited foods is wide enough. It is headed by salt and all dishes containing excess sodium chloride. A variety of seasonings, animal fats, preservatives and artificial colors are harmful. It is necessary to exclude from the menu:
- any canned food (meat, fish), vegetable marinades, since they contain not only an excess of salt, but also fats, as well as spices that irritate the gastrointestinal tract;
- smoked meats;
- snack snacks;
- pastries with cream, pastries made from fatty dough.
Nutrition with glomerulonephritis implies a sharp limitation of the daily intake of protein. To keep within the prescribed limits, remove from the diet all cereals, fatty meats and fish, lard, butter, strong broths. To facilitate the work of the kidneys, it is necessary to strictly control the flow of fluid. Avoid drinks that have a strong diuretic effect. These include:
- all types of coffee;
- strong tea;
- carbonated drinks;
- beer.
It is necessary to quit smoking, nicotine and tar have a very harmful effect on the state of blood vessels and the entire urinary system. The use of alcoholic beverages is undesirable. During the period of exacerbation, they are excluded, during remission should be limited to 1 serving per week.
Diet for glomerulonephritis is a guarantee of good health. Strict adherence will help you completely heal or achieve a lasting remission. To control the condition, it is necessary to monitor the weight and regularly take tests.
With glomerulonephritis, edema occurs and blood pressure rises significantly. Glomerulonephritis is a chronic inflammation of the kidneys, which is why such side effects... To overcome swelling with illness, you can use the following alternative method of treating glomerulonephritis.
Take four tablespoons of flaxseed, three tablespoons of dry birch leaves, three tablespoons of field steel root (dry). The entire composition must be poured with boiling water (half a liter) and let it brew for two hours.
Take the medicine three times a day, 1/3 cup for a week. The tincture helps get rid of swelling, heart pain and reduces blood pressure.
Infusion for the treatment of glomerulonephritis
Glomerulonephritis is a kidney disease that can occur after or in connection with previous upper respiratory tract diseases. There are many alternative treatments for glomerulonephritis. Here are some of them. But before being treated in this way, you need to consult your doctor.
Take one teaspoon of chopped corn stigmas, tails of cherries and pour the composition with two glasses of boiling water. Let the broth infuse until it cools. Then strain it and take half a glass four times a day until you feel better. Prepare a new medicine every day.
You can also pour a glass of boiling water over one tablespoon of chopped black elderberry flowers and leave until the composition cools down. Strain and consume three times daily before meals.
About the sea of bees
Somehow a man got sick with adenoma prostate... His neighbor made him a decoction from the dead bees. After taking the medicine for some time, the man cured the disease, and urination returned to normal. They began to treat the family directly with this remedy.
As it turned out, podmor helps to heal diseased kidneys. The man's daughter was ill with glomerulonephritis, so the neighbor began to give her this folk remedy - and the girl forgot about the disease.
During the treatment, my daughter started urinating heavily on the second day. Then, she lost weight, the swelling of her hands and face disappeared. At the same time, no one noticed any negative phenomena during treatment.
Diet treatment for glomerulonephritis
With glomerulonephritis, it is necessary for a person to follow a strict diet in which you cannot eat sweet apples, white cabbage, apricots, potatoes, lean soup, cottage cheese. And it is necessary that the patient constantly eat pumpkin during the day. Drink pumpkin juice in the evening, and during the day, eat pumpkin as a main course.
Also eat plenty of fresh cucumbers and cherries. Drink decoctions from the branches of sea buckthorn, birch buds, hernia bare.
After the person's condition improves, you can gradually introduce various foods into the diet. It is also very important to do a blood purification. To do this, take dried apricots, raisins, walnut kernels, prunes,. Separately, each ingredient must be minced. Then mix everything. Each product must be in the same quantity. Take this composition one tablespoon in the evenings and in the morning.
Treatment of glomerulonephritis with infusion
To treat glomerulonephritis, you need to take one teaspoon of wild strawberry leaves, two teaspoons of drooping birch leaves, three tablespoons of flax seeds. Pour all this with boiling water (eight hundred grams) and boil for five minutes. Then let the composition brew for half an hour, and then strain. Consume two to four times a day, one hundred grams before meals.
Also, with glomerulonephritis, there is such a folk remedy: take one hundred grams of walnut kernels and the same amount of figs, a glass of honey, three pitted lemons, but do not peel them. All ingredients must be chopped. Take this composition three times a day, one tablespoon before meals. Heal until complete recovery.
Glomerulonephritis disease is an inflammation in the kidneys of a chronic nature, in which the glomerular apparatus is affected. The disease occurs as a result of severe infectious diseases (tonsillitis, scarlet fever, measles, hepatitis and upper respiratory tract diseases). Side effects of this disease are edema and high blood pressure, and the composition of urine changes.
Mostly little children and young people suffer from this ailment. Treatment is selected depending on the predominant symptoms of glomerulonephritis. There are four forms of the disease: hematuric, mixed, hypertensive and nephrotic.
To be treated folk remedies with glomerulonephritis, it is recommended at the initial stage of the disease, only with the appearance of an inflammatory process in the kidneys, and this method of treatment is also suitable for remission and in the chronic course of the disease.
This kidney disease is classified as serious, so a visit to the doctor will be required. And it is the doctor who must decide what the drug treatment will be and whether or not it is worth using traditional medicine (it all depends on the form of the flowing glomerulonephritis, which can only be determined by the attending qualified doctor).
Diet and blood purification - the mainstay of kidney treatment
If, when going to the doctor, they are still prescribed folk methods treatment, then here are recipes for decoctions, diets, tinctures and infusions.
Let's start with diet. Diet and bed rest are where to start treatment. Eliminate salt, seasonings, proteins, smoked meats, salted, pickled, and canned foods from the diet. The patient is contraindicated in sweet apples, apricots, cabbage, cottage cheese, lean soup and potatoes. Be sure to include pumpkin in the patient's menu as a second dish and he should eat it during the day, in the evening it is recommended to drink pumpkin juice. With glomerulonephritis, the body really needs cherries and fresh cucumbers.
It is highly recommended with the help of a curative assortment of dried apricots, walnut kernels, honey, raisins, and prunes. All should be equally divided. Grind all ingredients separately in a meat grinder, and then mix and eat 1 tablespoon in the evening and in the morning.
The diet should be followed in conjunction with decoctions and infusions. When the patient gets better, then gradually you can begin to eat other foods that should not have been consumed in case of illness.
Infusions to relieve puffiness and lower blood pressure
- It takes 4 tbsp. tablespoons of flaxseeds, 3 tbsp. tablespoons of dry birch leaves and 3 tbsp. tablespoons of dry field steel root. All this is poured with half a liter of boiling water and set aside to infuse for two hours. An infusion is taken in a third of a glass 3 times a day for a week.
- In an amount of 1 teaspoon, corn silk, tails of cherries are taken and poured with 2 cups of boiling water. You can not touch the infusion until it cools down completely, and then strain it and drink ½ cup four times a day. It is advised to drink this infusion until the patient feels better. It is not recommended to make an infusion for a week in advance, it is better to cook fresh every day.
- You can also make an infusion of black elderberry flowers (one tablespoon in a chopped form), pour it over with a glass of boiling water and let it brew until it cools completely. Then the infusion is filtered from the cake and consumed three times a day before meals.
- Pounded fruits of fennel are poured with boiling water in a ratio of 1 to 20 and infused for 30 minutes. Drink ½ glass of broth 4-5 times a day before meals for 20 minutes.
From puffiness and high blood pressure
(2 teaspoons), from common flax seeds (3 tablespoons). Mix the whole herb and pour 800 grams of boiling water, then boil the mixture for five minutes until tender and leave to infuse for 30 minutes. After straining, drink two to four times a day before meals, in an amount of 100 g.
For the next product you need 25 g parsley seeds, 10 g hop cones, motherwort and hawthorn 20 g each. Stir all the herbs, pour boiling water (300 ml) and hold in a water bath for 30 minutes. Drink 1 tablespoon three times a day.
To get a medicinal decoction in milk, you will need to take a liter of milk and pour 5 tbsp. spoons of washed and peeled oats. Boil oats over low heat until cooked and take one hundred grams 3 times a day.
2 tbsp. spoons of golden thorns (catchment) pour ¼ liters of boiling water and boil for 3-4 minutes. For adults, take 100 ml. three times a day, and for children under 14 years old, give a dose half the size of an adult. Drink the broth one hour before meals. The full treatment course is 6 months (you drink 3-4 days and a break between doses for 3-4 days).
Pour 3 tablespoons broth with 1 liter of water. Boil over very low heat for 15-20 minutes. Drink a tablespoon three times a day before meals. The course of treatment is 3 months with short breaks.
Pour chopped dry burdock root (4 tablespoons) with a liter of boiling water and put on a small fire to boil until there is half less water left than at the beginning. After the broth is removed from the heat, add 2 tbsp. tablespoons of honey or regular sugar. Take three times a day, half a glass and a whole glass at night.
For two cups of boiling water, take 2 tablespoons of lingonberries and mix it all in an enamel bowl. Then put on very low heat and simmer for 7 to 9 minutes. In order for the broth to infuse better, the pan with it can be wrapped warmly with something warm and left for 1 hour. Then drain from the grass and drink half a glass before and after meals.
Also, for the treatment of glomerulonephritis, all herbs that have antimicrobial properties are also suitable. You can make infusions from plantain leaves, burdock root, chamomile flowers, calendula (only inflorescences are taken), rose hips (without seeds), oak bark, St. John's wort leaves, sea buckthorn branches, birch buds, yarrow, sage. You can brew them both separately and in combination with each other. The dosage is approximately the following: all herbs are taken equally, mixed and brewed with a liter of boiling water for 2 tbsp. spoons of herbs. Drink from 100 to 150 g three times a day.
Tincture recipes for the treatment of glomerulonephritis
- For 50 g of vodka, 20 g of dandelion leaves in the form of a gruel are taken. Place the resulting tincture blank in a dark and dry place for 12 hours. Drink 1 or 2 tsp three times a day.
- With glomerulonephritis, blood pressure rises. To reduce it, you can take a hawthorn tincture, which is sold in any pharmacy. Dosage - dilute 30 drops of the tincture in a glass of water (not hot) and drink three times a day. In addition, hawthorn has a good diuretic effect.
It is imperative to introduce fresh juices from carrots, cucumbers, asparagus, parsley, celery, pumpkin into the patient's diet, which improve the immune system of a weak organism. Juices are taken 2 or 3 times a day before meals for a tablespoon.
In no case should you begin to heal yourself! Starting treatment without the advice of a qualified doctor, you can bring your body to death from intoxication or bring a diseased kidney to shrinkage.
Glomerulonephritis is a kidney disease of an infectious or allergic nature, in which the glomerular apparatus is selectively affected. Effective treatment glomerulonephritis depends on a number of factors, such as: the form and stage of the disease, the general condition of the patient, on how timely the patient consulted a doctor and began therapy.
What are the treatments for glomerulonephritis? We will analyze them below, paying attention to the gaining popularity traditional medicine.
All patients in the acute stage of glomerulonephritis must be hospitalized. The regimen, depending on the severity of the clinic, should be bed or strict bed. This is due to the fact that the patient's body needs uniform heating and a balanced temperature regime (optimizes kidney function). The duration of hospitalization for acute glomerulonephritis varies from 2 weeks to a month on average, or until the symptoms disappear, and can be extended, given the effectiveness of treatment.
During the period of remission, a patient with glomerulonephritis is advised to avoid heavy physical exertion, to observe a gentle temperature regime. This is especially true for the acute period, as well as for patients diagnosed with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis.
Diet therapy
General recommendations for nutrition with glomerulonephritis - diet number 7a. In particular, patients need to limit the intake of protein foods and table salt to prevent peripheral edema and hypertension. Products must be hypoallergenic, which will reduce the reactivity of the kidney capillaries. It is advisable to eat foods rich in potassium and fiber, especially in the case of corticosteroid therapy.
Symptomatic treatment
In the presence of arterial hypertension (especially with edema), diuretics are prescribed in short courses, or other antihypertensive drugs. In addition, funds are used to strengthen the capillary wall of the vessels of the kidneys, antioxidants and lipid-lowering drugs. Enough effective method getting rid of peripheral edema, the treatment of glomerulonephritis with folk remedies has proven itself, due to the fact that diuretics are often contraindicated in patients (this does not apply to the acute period).
Antibacterial therapy
For the treatment of glomerulonephritis, antibiotics are prescribed if an infectious component is proven in the development of the disease. Almost always it is a transferred sore throat 2-3 weeks before the onset of the acute phase, or another infection, where the agent is β-hemolytic streptococcus. Usually, penicillin, oxacillin, ampicillin or ampiox are used at 250 thousand or 500 thousand units 4 times a day intramuscularly. If the patient is diagnosed with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, interferon is additionally used.
Immunosuppressive therapy
One of critical links the pathogenesis of acute glomerulonephritis is a damaging effect on the glomeruli of the kidneys of the body's own antibodies. They can both be produced crosswise to streptococcus, and actually to the capillaries of the glomeruli. Therefore, suppression of the immune response is one of the most important tasks in a number of forms of glomerulonephritis and immunosuppressants are included in many treatment regimens.
If diagnosed with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, the so-called pulse therapy scheme is used. In this case, loading doses of the drug are administered to the patient, mainly by intravenous drip, for several days, and then the dosage is reduced to the usual level. Cytostatics are mainly used (Prednisolone and other corticosteroids).
Prednisolone is prescribed at 1 mg per kg of body weight per day for 1.5–2 months, followed by a decrease in the dosage to a maintenance one (20 mg per day), and gradual withdrawal. Of the cytostatics, Cyclophosphamide is generally prescribed at a dosage of 2 mg per kg of body weight per day, and Chlorambucil at 0.1 mg per kg of body weight per day.
After achieving remission and targeted withdrawal of immunosuppressants, it is recommended to treat glomerulonephritis with herbal remedies or folk remedies.
Multicomponent treatment regimens
- Steinberg's scheme.
Cyclophosphamide 1000 mg is administered intravenously once a month throughout the year.
The next 2 years - every 3 months, the next 2 years - every 6 months. - Ponticelli's scheme.
Pulse therapy with prednisolone 1000 mg per day for 3 days, then 27 days at 30 mg per day. Prednisolone alternates with a cytostatic - the next month chlorambucil at 0.2 mg per kg of body weight. - Four-component scheme.
Prednisolone 30 mg per day for two months, with gradual withdrawal.
Cytostatic to target remission.
Heparin 5 thousand units 4 times a day, within a month, with the transition to aspirin.
Dipyridamole at a dosage of 400 mg per day. The scheme is especially relevant for the diagnosis of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis.
Normalization of rheological properties of blood
With glomerulonephritis, the process of blood clotting is almost always disturbed, due to the fact that platelets "stick together" to each other and settle on the walls of blood vessels. And this already leads to further formation of blood clots and disruption of the blood supply to the glomeruli of the kidneys. In modern treatment regimens for glomerulonephritis, antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants are actively used, such as Heparin (up to 20 thousand units per day), Dipyridamole and Pentoxifylline.
Phytotherapy
Herbal medicine and folk remedies play an essential role in an integrated approach to the prevention and treatment of glomerulonephritis. But we should not forget that these methods are used in the stage of remission or in the chronic form of glomerulonephritis.
The effects of herbal medicine:
- anti-inflammatory;
- antiallergic;
- anticoagulant;
- diuretic;
- membrane stabilizing;
Let us consider in more detail the methods of treatment with folk remedies, the main herbal remedies:
- decoction for the kidneys from wild strawberries;
- decoction of birch leaves and flaxseed;
- a decoction of nettle and steel root;
- collection of wild rose berries, bearberry, hop cones, birch leaves, black currant, large plantain, juniper fruits, wild strawberries and horsetail herbs;
- collection for buds from brown rose hips, kidney tea, string, calendula and yarrow.
Of decisive importance in the treatment of glomerulonephritis with folk remedies is the correct selection of combinations and dosages of natural phytocomponents. This will help to achieve the proper diuretic and tonic effect, will reduce the load on the body with drugs.
Possible complications of the disease
Glomerulonephritis during the acute period (and especially the rapidly progressive form) is dangerous with the following complications:
- heart failure;
- visual impairment up to blindness;
- renal failure;
- stroke;
- nephroencephalopathy.
Quite often, in case of ineffectiveness of treatment with folk remedies or standard therapy regimens (sometimes in the case of an acute process), plasmapheresis or blood transfusion (albumin, platelet mass, plasma) may be needed. After suffering acute glomerulonephritis, and achieving remission, a spa treatment is recommended. Mostly there is a need to change the climatic zone to a seaside or desert, since due to hot weather, sweating increases, kidney function improves and metabolism is accelerated, which has a beneficial effect on the recovery process. In this case, the effect will improve if you apply simultaneous treatment with folk remedies and herbal medicine.
Thus, it becomes clear that glomerulonephritis is a dangerous disease, which is characterized by a severe course and affects many body systems. Therefore, the treatment of glomerulonephritis should be carried out strictly under the supervision of a qualified physician. After all, only a specialist can draw up a competent and A complex approach treatment, depending on the individual characteristics of each patient.