Methods for treating diathesis in children of different ages. Diathesis in infants: treatment, symptoms, reasons, what it looks like, what to do.

Diathesis, in essence, not a disease, but a borderline state, a predisposition to disease. As you know, the overwhelming majority chronic diseases a person occurs against the background of a particular predisposition. Defines all of these individual tendencies genetic code each person.

Kinds diathesis in children

Neuro-arthritic diathesis

Neuro-arthritic diathesis is characterized by a predisposition to obesity, diabetes mellitus, gout and arthritis, which is mainly due to metabolic disorders uric acid and the accumulation of purines (products of its decay) in the body and, to a lesser extent, disorders of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. It has been proven that this form of diathesis can be inherited. Lymphatic-hypoplastic diathesis is characterized by a persistent increase in almost all lymph nodes and the thymus gland, dysfunction of the endocrine system (decreased adrenal function), a tendency to frequent infectious diseases and allergic reactions. In the formation of this diathesis, infectious diseases suffered by the expectant mother, and other complications of pregnancy, leading to intrauterine hypoxia, are of decisive importance. Exudative-catarrhal (ECD), or, more often, - allergic diathesis - a disease inherent in children early age... In sick children, there is an increased sensitivity and vulnerability of barrier tissues (skin, mucous membranes), a reduced resistance to infections, a protracted course inflammatory processes and the development of allergic reactions. It is this type of diathesis that is so widespread that the term "diathesis" itself is often considered a complete synonym.

Exudative-catarrhal diathesis (ECD) (allergic diathesis): face to face

Allergic diathesis manifests itself in one form or another in about 30-60% of children in the first 2 years of life. For 75-90% of these babies, it is only an episode, and only a few subsequently develop allergic diseases.

In children of the first year of life, the protective function of the intestine is reduced. The fact is that at this age, not enough digestive enzymes, protective antibodies are produced, and the permeability of the intestinal wall is increased. The combination of these age-related features of the gastrointestinal cycle of babies leads to the fact that underexposed food components, primarily proteins, are easily absorbed into the bloodstream. These large fragments of molecules have pronounced antigenic properties, that is, they trigger a chain of allergic reactions. Any allergic reaction begins with the production of special antibodies belonging to the immunoglobulin E (IgE) class. Contact of an allergen with these antibodies leads to the release of histamine - a substance that causes vasodilation, tissue edema, itching, etc. In children of the first years of life, the release of histamine from blood cells can be caused not only by IgE antibodies, but also by many other substances and even by the action of external factors (for example, cooling). In addition, the sensitivity of the tissues of infants to histamine is significantly higher than that of older children, and its inactivation (neutralization) is markedly reduced. From what has been said, it is clear why it is incorrect to equate an allergic diathesis and a typical allergic reaction: if the basis of an allergy is precisely a perverse reaction of the immune system (the production of antibodies to substances that are actually safe and normally should not stimulate the immune response), then with an allergic diathesis play the main role in the development of an allergic reaction age features gastrointestinal and histamine sensitivity.

Manifestations of typical allergies and allergic diathesis may be similar, but they have a different mechanism of development. Accordingly, the approach to solving the problem should also be different. Only 1/3 of children with allergic diathesis there is an increased level of IgE in the blood. That is why manifestations diathesis depend on the dose of allergens received: only a relatively large amount of food eaten leads to the development of skin reactions, among which manifestations of atopic dermatitis are most often observed. In some cases, trace amounts of the allergen lead to severe allergic reactions.

The risk of developing atopic dermatitis (AD) increases with a hereditary predisposition to allergic reactions, as well as if the expectant mother eats a large number of allergens (for example, citrus fruits, strawberries, etc.), especially in the last trimester of pregnancy. The appearance of the first signs of blood pressure is facilitated by the consumption of cow's milk proteins (usually with the introduction of mixtures), as well as eggs, citrus fruits, strawberries, strawberries, oatmeal and other cereals. It should be emphasized that eggs, strawberries, strawberries, citrus fruits, bananas, chocolate themselves cause the release of histamine, bypassing the stage of antibody production. If the baby is breastfed, then diathesis may appear as a result of the use of these products by the nursing mother.

The most common manifestations of blood pressure are redness, dryness, and flaking of the cheeks (redness may diminish or completely disappear when exposed to cold, and then resume). From an early age, such babies may experience general dryness of the skin, diaper rash in the folds of the skin that does not disappear for a long time, especially in the perineum and buttocks. On the scalp in the parietal region, a "milky crust" or gneiss (scales that stick together by the secretion of the sebaceous glands) is formed. Various rashes, strofulus (itchy nodules filled with transparent contents), oozing foci may develop. Such children are also characterized by a "geographical" language (the language has a plaque, lined with various lines), lingering conjunctivitis, rhinitis. ARVI in them usually proceeds with obstructive syndrome or false croup, anemia, unstable stools are observed. Body weight often grows unevenly, may be overweight.

The course of blood pressure is wave-like, exacerbations are more often associated with dietary errors, but can be caused by meteorological factors, and concomitant diseases, dysbiosis, and vaccinations. By the end of the second year of life, the manifestations of blood pressure usually soften and gradually disappear, but 10-25% of children may develop allergic diseases: bronchial asthma, hay fever. That is why it is extremely important to help a small body survive this period with minimal risk and get out of this state. Failure to comply with preventive measures leads to overstrain of all systems, can contribute to the final breakdown of defense mechanisms and result in a serious illness (for example, bronchial asthma or atopic dermatitis).

Is it possible treat diathesis?

Since the overwhelming majority of allergens are of food origin, diathesis treatment in babies, they start with the establishment of a balanced diet. It is appropriate here to emphasize how important breastfeeding is for the baby. Firstly, proteins of human milk are 100% devoid of allergic properties, they are easily broken down by the baby's enzymes; secondly, breast milk contains a lot of secretory immunoglobulin A, which protects the intestinal mucosa from large molecules of allergens; thirdly, milk contains enzymes for digesting its own components and, finally, it is the best prevention of dysbiosis. Mixed and formula fed babies should minimize their intake of cow's milk protein. It is necessary to ensure that the mixtures used are adapted, up to 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the daily diet can be fermented milk mixtures. If even such feeding causes allergic reactions, the child should be transferred to formulas prepared on the basis of soy (unfortunately, allergy to cow's milk protein in 20-30% of cases is accompanied by a reaction to soy protein), or on the basis of protein hydrolysates. Further, with the introduction of cereals and vegetable puree, they should not be cooked in milk, but on the basis of a mixture or vegetable broth suitable for the baby, but kefir (from 7 months), yogurt (from 8 months), and other fermented milk products should be used for drinking. Obligate allergens are excluded from the diet of a baby and a nursing mother, as well as products that individually cause allergic reactions (in addition, nursing mothers should not overload their diet with products from fresh milk - it is better to replace them with fermented milk). It has been proven that the condition of children with allergic diathesis worsens with excess carbohydrate intake. Sugar in the diet should be replaced with fructose (in a ratio of 1 to 0.3, since fructose is sweeter).

For babies who are bottle-fed, complementary foods should be introduced a little earlier than usual (from about 4.5 months), while starting with vegetable puree. Porridge should be introduced no earlier than 6-6.5 months (while it is necessary to exclude oatmeal and semolina). If the baby is breastfed, then complementary foods should be introduced later than usual, that is, from about six months.

Sometimes children with food allergies are prescribed medications... This primarily applies to vitamin therapy. During the period of exacerbation of allergic reactions, short courses of various antihistamines are carried out. I would like to remind you that the doctor who observes the child and knows the dynamics of his disease should prescribe the treatment.

Vaccinations for children with Exudative-catarrhal diathesis are carried out only after medical training, which reduces the likelihood of an allergic reaction (for this purpose, antihistamines are used), and only 1 month after the last exacerbation of the process.

Very important proper care behind the affected skin. With dry skin, baths with wheat bran, children's medicinal cosmetics (milk, cream) with ingredients moisturizing the skin give a good effect. Diaper rash is smeared with special creams with a high content of zinc oxide (Desitin) or anti-inflammatory substances (Drapolen). With pronounced oozing, a decoction of oak bark can be added to the bath. Wet dressings with strong tea, 1% solution of fucorcin or methylene blue are also used, talkers with talc and zinc oxide are effective. Decoctions of chamomile and string have a universal anti-inflammatory and healing effect, but it should be remembered that prolonged use of herbs can cause an allergic reaction and the formation of polynosis. When using any means, it is necessary to ensure that their components do not cause allergies in the baby.

In conclusion, I would like to add that in diathesis, which is not yet a disease, the main role belongs to prevention, which is already a treatment.

When they talk about diathesis, most associate this diagnosis with skin redness and rashes. This is actually a misconception as the rash is a symptom of allergic dermatitis. But the reason for its manifestation is precisely children's diathesis - a hereditary anomaly of the child's body, due to which there is a tendency to certain diseases. These most often include allergic reactions, respiratory diseases, changes in the acid-base state, and others.

With diathesis, the child's body reacts incorrectly to the external environmental influences that are common for others. Moreover, this happens due to several coinciding circumstances. For example, malnutrition, irregularities and frequent colds can trigger a trigger.

Pediatricians distinguish the following types of this anomaly:

• neuro-arthritic;
• lymphatic-hypoplastic;
• exudative-catarrhal.

These are the most common children's diathesis, moreover, more often they are combined, with the prevalence of one of the types.

Exudative-catarrhal

Causes

This type of disorder, to one degree or another, occurs in 80% of infants. Exudative-catarrhal, or, more simply, allergic diathesis in children mainly develops under the following conditions:

• non-compliance with nutritional standards (complementary foods not for age);
• the use by a nursing mother of hyperallergenic foods (chocolate, citrus fruits);
• contact with some household irritants (washing powder, hygiene products);
• animal hair, domestic ticks and more.

Symptoms

• Predisposition to allergic reactions. When allergens come into contact with food, the child displays characteristic signs of atopic dermatitis. Redness appears on the cheeks and butt, then a rash appears, which can be located both in the form of small foci and rather large spots. Over time, on the face over these areas, the skin becomes dense, a crust forms. If at this stage the baby is not given medical assistance, the rash will become damp and the skin will crack, which can lead to infection.
• The onset of diaper rash. This happens due to improper child care (dressing not for the weather, long stay in a wet diaper).
• Regular stomatitis and conjunctivitis.
• Frequent colds.

Such symptoms are typical for the age of up to 1 year. In most older children, the rash appears mainly on the limbs and becomes dry. By the age of 2, the diathesis gradually subsides and disappears at 3 - 4 years. At the same time, the child's allergic reactions no longer bother.

There are cases when allergic diathesis in children is transformed into diseases such as pollinosis, food allergies, bronchial asthma and others. Recently, this has been happening more and more often, so when a diathesis is detected, it is necessary to immediately begin its treatment.

Diet

The generally accepted dietary regimen for children with diathesis should be changed to a hypoallergenic one:

• Continue breastfeeding for as long as possible, and the mother needs to eliminate all possible allergic irritants from her diet. If a child eats artificial mixtures, it is recommended to select them together with a pediatrician, and when a suitable one is found, it is not worth changing it for other reasons (improved composition, well-known manufacturer, cost, and others).
• Introduce complementary foods only after six months. Initially, these should be dishes made from vegetables and cereals. But immediately after detecting allergies, they must be removed from the menu. And products such as nuts, honey, whole milk should be included in the diet no earlier than two years and only in the absence of skin rashes. It is advisable to feed the baby with homemade food, since store-bought purees and cereals, contrary to the statements of manufacturers, often cause allergic reactions.
• It is better to consult a specialist for the correct diet. One should not engage in experiments and rely on "maybe".
• Do not worry that, guided by such diets, you are depriving your baby of the substances and vitamins he needs. A well-chosen diet contains a sufficient vitamin and mineral complex, in addition, if all the rules of care are followed, in a few years the child will be allowed various goodies.

Treatment

• To cleanse the baby's skin, it is recommended to do hygienic baths every day. Before this, water must be dechlorinated - to stand for about an hour.
• Since atopic dermatitis is pronounced in children with diathesis, it is best to get rid of its manifestations with means for external use. These are various ointments, both hormonal (Elokom, Advantan) and non-hormonal (Fenistil). But, of course, they should not be used without a doctor's prescription. If complications arise in the form of infection, combined antibacterial and hormonal ointments ("Oxycort", "Polcortolon") are prescribed. And when the affected skin area is severely inflamed, it is recommended to apply drugs in the form of aerosols.
• In cases of crust formation on the baby's face and butt, lotions are given to him, for which they roll up a piece of sterile bandage, soak it with furacilin solution and apply it to the sore spot for 15 minutes. Such procedures are carried out up to 5 times a day.

After bathing, the crust under the hairline softens. But it is impossible to comb it with a regular comb in any case, so as not to infect. To do this, use a special brush with soft villi, moreover, before use, it is advisable to scald it with boiling water.

Folk remedies

To enhance the effect of hygienic baths will help folk recipes... Adding herbs to them will strengthen the child's body, calm the nervous system and have a disinfectant effect:

• Take a kilogram of oak bark, dry it, grind it into powder and insist in a liter of cold water. Then simmer over low heat for half an hour. Pour into a full bath after straining.
• Pour 250 g of roots and leaves of calamus with a liter of water and boil for 30 minutes. Pour the prepared broth into the bath.
• Place 1 kg of walnut leaves in cold water and boil for 45 minutes. Then strain and add to a full bath.

• Pour 2 tablespoons of a string into a half-liter container with boiling water, leave for 12 hours, then strain. Give your child half a cup three times a day.
• Boil 0.5 liters of water, add a tablespoon of chopped wheatgrass root and leave on low heat for 15 minutes. Then cover and set aside for 2 hours, then strain. You need to drink half a glass before meals.
• Pour a teaspoon of ground dandelion root into a glass of hot water. Insist for 2 hours, then strain. Take 50 ml half an hour before meals.

Be sure to check with your pediatrician before using these recipes!

Lymphatic-hypoplastic

Causes

This children's diathesis provokes disruptions in the endocrine system, inflammation of the lymph nodes and a decrease in immunity to infectious diseases. It is activated most often at the age of 2 - 3 years. The main causes of lymphatic-hypoplastic diathesis are:

• long-lasting or not completely cured infectious diseases;
• improper nutrition;
• non-compliance with the daily regimen.

Symptoms

• The child looks lethargic, indifferent, gets tired quickly, is unable to concentrate on anything. Skin integument the baby is paler than usual, muscles develop poorly.
• All lymph nodes are significantly enlarged and easily palpable without causing pain.
• The adenoids and tonsils become inflamed, which characterize such signs as difficulty breathing through the nose, snoring during sleep and a regular runny nose that does not go away for a long time.
• Children get sick with ARVI much more often than their peers, while they suffer the disease more heavily.

All these symptoms of diathesis in children usually disappear by the age of 6 - 7, when, in the process of growing up, the immune system begins to work more effectively.

Treatment

This type of diathesis does not need treatment, since its manifestations are entirely dependent on the functioning of the immune system. The only thing that is recommended is a normal daily routine, regular walks in the fresh air, daily morning exercises. But from all the accompanying colds and infectious diseases you need to get rid of in a timely manner, because there is a great chance of complications.

In this case, you should not start treatment according to your own methods. The course of therapy must be coordinated with a doctor without fail, moreover, at all stages of the disease. During an epidemic, even if the child is not sick, preventive measures should be taken by taking antiviral drugs (Viferon, Anaferon and others).

Diagnostics diathesis begins with a family history ( what diseases can be traced in the family). Next, the doctor proceeds to collecting an anamnesis of the disease. He asks how the child was born, whether he had a perinatal ( generic) trauma. The conditions of the environment where the child grew up are of great diagnostic value. Also, the doctor asks what kind of feeding the child was, whether there was irrational feeding.

The diagnostic criteria for diathesis include:

• burdened heredity;
• pathological pregnancy;

• taking medication during pregnancy;
• burdened childbirth;
• irrational feeding;
• frequent infectious diseases.

The frequency of manifestation of a particular symptom depends on the form of diathesis.

The clinical picture of diathesis, depending on its form

Criteria / Symptoms			Neuro-arthric diathesis
Population frequency	60 to 70 percent of cases.	10 to 12 percent of the time.	2 to 3 percent of cases.
Debut of the disease	In the first three months of life.	On average, in the second year of life.	Ages 6 - 7 and later.
Timing of remission (disappearance of symptoms)	In one quarter of children, exudative-catarrhal diathesis regresses by 3 - 4 years of age.	In more than half of children, lymphatic-hypoplastic diathesis subsides by puberty.	Persists ( persists) throughout life.
Feature of the central nervous system		Lethargy, apathy, difficulty with adaptation, a tendency to hypotension.	Early development is combined with increased excitability. Behavior is dominated by neurotic reactions.
Anthropometric characteristics (weight height)	Weight and height are appropriate for age.	Weight and height over the age norm - paratrophy.	With normal height, weight is reduced.
Body type	Proportional.	Disproportionate development is observed.	Without features.
Skin rashes
Mucous membranes	Increased desquamation of the epithelium, geographic tongue.	A tendency to edema and exudation.	No visible changes.
Subcutaneous tissue	Moderately developed.	Excessively developed.	As a rule, fiber is underdeveloped.
Muscle tone	Normal.		Normal
Lymphatic tissue reaction	Regional lymph nodes ( occipital, cervical, axillary) are increased.	There is generalized hyperplasia of the lymphatic tissue, more than 70 percent of children have an increase in the thymus.	Moderate polyadenitis ( simultaneous inflammation of several groups of lymph nodes).
Immunity		Reduced both humoral and cellular immunity.	The immune function is partially preserved.
Typical clinical syndromes	bronchial asthma from 2 years old.	various cardiopathies and nephropathies; bronchial asthma from 1 year, severe course.	urolithiasis and cholelithiasis;
Features of pathogenesis	A genetic feature of the organism, which is based on the hyperproduction of class E immunoglobulins ( IgE).	Hereditary hyperplasia ( increase) thymus gland, hypocorticism, dysfunction of the pituitary gland - adrenal glands.	A genetically determined defect in the exchange of purine bases and uric acid, which leads to the accumulation of uric acid crystals.

Laboratory tests play an equally important role in the diagnosis of diathesis. In most cases, even during the period of remission, abnormalities are detected in the general and biochemical blood tests.

Laboratory diagnostics of diathesis

Laboratory sign	Exudative-catarrhal diathesis	Lymphatic-hypoplastic diathesis	Neuro-arthric diathesis
Metabolism		lymphocytosis ( an increase in the number of lymphocytes); neutropenia ( decrease in the number of neutrophils in the blood).	Eosinophilia ( increased number of eosinophils).
Blood chemistry	Decrease in the concentration of blood bicarbonates.	dysproteinemia ( violation of the ratio between globulins and albumin); increased levels of lipids and cholesterol.	Increased concentration of ammonia and ketone bodies.
Analysis of urine	Foods you can eat and need to restrict Treatment of acetone crisis At the first signs of a crisis, it is recommended to consume sweet tea, freshly prepared juices and mineral water inside. It is necessary to give the child a drink every 10 to 15 minutes to avoid dehydration. It is recommended to feed at will. Food should be predominantly liquid and contain easily digestible carbohydrates and a minimum amount of fat. This can be liquid semolina, mashed potatoes or vegetable purees. Of the medicines, hepatoprotectors are prescribed ( Essentiale forte, LIV-52), vitamins ( B12, B6). When vomiting occurs, treatment should be directed at preventing acidosis and dehydration. To do this, with strong and indomitable vomiting, intravenous drip of a 5% solution of glucose, cocarboxylase, ascorbic acid is prescribed. If the first signs of acidosis appear ( the smell of acetone from the baby) and pH ( acidity) blood has become less than 7.2, then a 4% solution of sodium bicarbonate is prescribed. At the same time, pathogenetic treatment is carried out, which is aimed at removing excess uric acid and its crystals from the body. For this purpose, the drug allopurinol is prescribed, which occupies a leading place among all anti-gout drugs. It is prescribed mainly for adults with frequent gouty attacks, with gouty nephropathy and initial manifestations of chronic renal failure. The initial dose of allopurinol ranges from 300 to 400 to 600 milligrams per day. When the clinical effect is achieved, that is, when gouty attacks become less common, the dose of the drug is gradually reduced. The maintenance dose of allopurinol is 100 to 300 milligrams per day. Medicines used in the treatment of urine acid diathesis In parallel with the main treatment, a diet with restriction of foods that are rich in purines and caffeine is prescribed, as well as an abundant alkaline drink. Treatment of allergic ( catarrhal) diathesis An important link in the treatment of catarrhal diathesis is rational vitamin therapy. For this purpose, complexes of vitamins A, B, E and C are prescribed. Pyridoxine ( vitamin B6) is prescribed in a dosage of 50 to 75 milligrams per day. With dry eczema, vitamin A treatment gives good results. The vitamin is prescribed at 1000 IU per kilogram of body weight for 3 weeks. Riboflavin, vitamin B5 ( 100 - 150 milligrams per day), vitamin E ( 25 - 30 milligrams per day). At the same time, you should know that an overdose of vitamins exacerbates the exudative process. Courses of antihistamines are prescribed for 5 to 7 days. Most effective drugs are ketotifen ( 0.05 milligrams per kilogram of weight 2 times a day) and sodium cromolyn ( 40 milligrams per kilogram per day). In the treatment of catarrhal diathesis, herbal medicine is very popular. Inside, decoctions of a series, nettles, oregano or complex collections, which consist of 2 to 4 plants, are prescribed. An example of such a collection can be a string, elecampane root, birch leaves and cuffs. In order to remove excess fluid from the body ( especially recommended for pasty children) a decoction consisting of violets, horsetail, nettle and chamomile flowers is prescribed. In the pharmacy, there is an analogue of such a collection, which is called Averin tea. Treatment of diathesis in infants Infants can be given a decoction of chamomile or a decoction of prunes inside. It is prepared at the rate of one teaspoon per glass ( 250 milliliters) boiling water. Chilled broth, filter and drink within 1 - 2 days. Areas of gneiss ( flaky crusts) on the head they are smeared with vegetable oil, after which they wash the head with baby soap, and the crusts come off. Seborrheic areas are lubricated with 2 percent intal ointment or 3 percent ichthyol ointment. Zinc oil also softens the skin well. Medicinal baths, which are carried out at the same water temperature as hygienic ones, have a good effect on babies. a bath with broths of a series ( two tablespoons of herbs are poured into a glass of water, infused for 15 - 20 minutes, and then poured into the bath); bath with chamomile or viburnum ( two tablespoons of chamomile and one spoonful of viburnum are poured with half a liter of boiling water, infused for 15 minutes and added to the bath); bath with oak bark ( two tablespoons of chopped oak bark are kept for 6 hours in water at room temperature, after which they are boiled; the resulting broth is added to the bath). Treatment of diathesis with folk remedies For the therapy of diathesis, traditional medicine offers a range of herbal remedies ( herbal remedies), consisting of several groups of drugs. Groups of herbal remedies against diathesis are: antihistamine drugs; sedatives; topical preparations for the skin; medicines to strengthen the immune system. Antihistamine drugs Drugs from this group are designed to reduce the symptoms of allergic reactions. The active ingredients in such products suppress the action of histamine, which is why the allergy does not manifest itself as intensely. Herbs that have antihistamine effects are: nettle; butterbur; onion ; shrub perilla. Nettle Nettle not only reduces the manifestation of allergies, but also strengthens the immune system, normalizes the activity of the nervous system. Also, this herb has a cleansing effect, as it effectively cleanses the body of toxins. Nettle is taken in the form of tea, which is prepared from a teaspoon of raw materials and a glass warm water... The drink must be insisted and taken every day for 2 - 3 weeks. Instead of a decoction for diathesis, you can take fresh nettle juice inside. To prepare the juice, the green leaves need to be chopped, crushed and squeezed out. The standard rate of juice is 50 milliliters, which must be taken once a day in the morning. Stinging nettle should not be taken by those with bleeding problems. Nettle is also not recommended for kidney and heart problems. Nettle has a mild effect, so its use is not prohibited for the treatment of diathesis in young children. Butterbur Butterbur reduces the manifestation of allergic reactions, but it does not have side effects, as is the case with pharmacy antihistamines. This plant can be used in two forms - in powder and in the form of a decoction. To prepare the powder, grind the roots and leaves of the plant in a coffee grinder. For a month, take a teaspoon of the powder daily together with water. The course of treatment with butterbur powder is 30 days, after which you should start taking medications with a strengthening effect. In addition to butterbur powder, you can also prepare a decoction. For a drink, 20 grams of grass must be poured with a glass of hot water and left to infuse for several hours. Drink 2 - 3 tablespoons three times a day for 2 weeks. Butterbur not only suppresses histamine, but also effectively fights puffiness, and also has an analgesic effect. Along with the benefits, butterbur also has a list of contraindications. Treatment with butterbur is not recommended for people with diabetes. Perilla shrub Perilla contains a lot of ascorbic acid, fatty acids and B vitamins. Due to the balanced and rich composition of valuable elements, this herb has a complex beneficial effect on patients with diathesis. Perilla is taken inside in the form of a decoction. To prepare the broth, pour dry leaves in the amount of 20 grams with 2 cups of water and leave to infuse for several hours. Therapy is carried out until the symptoms of diathesis disappear. Onion Onions contain a substance such as quercetin, which stabilizes the membrane of mast cells and inhibits the production of histamine. Quercetin is found both in the onion itself and in the husk, so if a child resists taking medicine from the onion, you can prepare a decoction from the husk. For the broth, you need to pour 2 handfuls of dry husks with a liter of water and heat up on fire for a quarter of an hour. Then the composition must be insisted for several hours, filtered and given to the patient to drink a glass of broth per day. Healing effect after such treatment comes after 2 - 3 weeks. Also, for the treatment of diathesis, you can use fresh onion juice, which must be mixed with water in a ratio of 1 to 5. The juice diluted with water should be taken 3-4 times a day, in an amount of 50 milliliters. Sedatives Herbal preparations with a sedative effect improve sleep and eliminate irritability that often accompanies diathesis. There are several varieties of medicinal plants with soothing effects. They can be taken either alone or as a combined collection. Regardless of the tool chosen, there are a number of general rules for all anti-anxiety drugs. ... Teas or decoctions are made from herbs ( a teaspoon of raw materials in a glass of water). Daily rate the drug is equal to 250 milliliters. Also, to eliminate the patient's irritability during diathesis, a combined collection can be prepared. The components of a sedative for the treatment of diathesis are: chamomile - 1 part; mint - 1 part; lavender - 2 parts; licorice root - 2 parts. For the daily rate of the drink, you need to pour 2 teaspoons of the collection with a glass of water and warm up over low heat for a quarter of an hour. Topical preparations for the skin Topical preparations promote faster healing of the skin in cases where diathesis is manifested by an allergic skin reaction. Various ointments and compresses relieve itching and promote rapid regeneration of damaged structures, which significantly improves the patient's condition. Local agents are being prepared from various herbal ingredients. Components and recipes for the preparation of topical preparations Form of preparation Components Preparation Application Compress Tobacco leaves. It is necessary to grind dry tobacco leaves and pour a tablespoon of raw materials with a glass of water. After that, the suspension should be kept on low heat for 20 - 25 minutes. During the day, rinse the affected skin with broth. A compress should be made at night. Compress Fresh carrots. On a fine grater, grate the carrots and add a pinch of pharmacy sulfur to the gruel. The mixture should be applied to areas affected by allergies. Ointment Smoke grass, pork fat. Fresh grass ( 50 grams) should be poured with melted fat and kept on low heat for an hour. Lubricate with the resulting product those areas on which there is itching and peeling. Ointment Ivy leaves, vegetable oil. Pour 50 grams of fresh ivy leaves into a glass vegetable oil and leave for 2 weeks to infuse. Use an ointment to lubricate bothersome skin areas during the day and at night. Oil lotion Fresh bay leaves, olive oil. Fresh bay leaf ( 10 - 15 pieces) should be crushed and filled with oil. Insist 2 weeks. Oil the affected areas overnight. Also, the oil can be used for applications. Cream Fir oil, baby cream. You should take 5 teaspoons of baby cream and 2 teaspoons of fir oil. The cream should be applied to damaged skin in the morning and evening. Ointment Resin, tar, lard, wax, egg. Melt 50 grams of pork fat, tar and spruce resin by steam. Then you need to add 30 grams of natural wax, cool and add a raw chicken egg. The resulting product is used to lubricate the allergic skin areas three times a day - in the morning, at lunchtime and in the evening. Healing bath Burrow grass. You should take 500 grams of herb, pour 2 cups of water and wait for a boil. The decoction of the string should be added to clean warm water for bathing. Medicines to strengthen the immune system Strengthening the immune system is a mandatory measure in the treatment of diathesis. Ethnic medicine offers various preparations based on herbal immunomodulators. All drugs to activate the immune function are taken in remission. The plant components on the basis of which immunomodulators are prepared are: ginseng ( root); eleutherococcus ( root). Take these herbs to strengthen the immune system should be in the form of decoctions. To prepare a drink, you should brew the raw material with a glass of hot water and leave for 15 - 20 minutes. If the broth is prepared from the root, then pour water, it should be kept on fire for a quarter of an hour. A decoction is taken 2 - 3 times a day, 30 milliliters for half a month. Taking any herbal immunomodulator is not recommended for increased excitability, sleep problems. Also, people with high blood pressure should not take these drugs. Prevention of diathesis Prevention of diathesis is aimed at eliminating factors that increase the body's predisposition to the occurrence of pathological reactions. Also, preventive measures are aimed at strengthening the barrier function, since with weak immunity, diathesis is manifested more clearly. Since diathesis belongs to the group of pathologies of a hereditary nature, preventive measures must be taken even before the birth of a child during pregnancy. After the birth of a child, precautions should also be taken, especially when introducing complementary foods, since most often diathesis occurs during this period. Prevention of childhood diathesis during pregnancy The diet and lifestyle of a pregnant woman have a great impact on the likelihood of a child developing diathesis. Therefore, at all stages of intrauterine development of the fetus, the expectant mother must adhere to a number of rules. Prevention measures for childhood diathesis during pregnancy are: compliance with a full and hypoallergenic diet; prevention of extragenital diseases; prevention and adequate therapy of gestosis. Compliance with a complete and hypoallergenic diet A varied and balanced diet of a woman carrying a child is one of the main measures for the prevention of diathesis. The tendency of the child's body to pathological reactions, great importance factors such as the immaturity of the immune and digestive systems. Providing the fetus with all the necessary elements contributes to its healthy development. This allows the child's body after birth to more effectively resist the factors leading to the development of diathesis. Therefore, a pregnant woman's menu should include all the elements necessary for the normal development of the fetus. Foods that should be included in the diet of a pregnant woman are: Vegetables and fruits. Experts recommend including at least 5 different varieties of plant crops in the diet. Preference should be given to apples, white cherries, bananas, zucchini, pumpkin. Fermented milk products. Kefir, cottage cheese, yogurt and other fermented milk products ensure healthy bowel function. Protein. The daily protein intake for a pregnant woman is 100 - 120 grams. It should be replenished with products such as low-fat fish ( cod, hake), dietary meat ( chicken, turkey, veal). You can also eat offal ( beef tongue and liver). Carbohydrates. A pregnant woman should consume 300 to 400 grams of carbohydrates. It can be various cereals from buckwheat, oatmeal, rice groats. Fats. Fat in the diet of a pregnant woman should be at least 100 grams. You can replenish the norm with fermented milk products of medium fat content, oil ( vegetable, creamy), nuts. At the same time, the nutrition of the expectant mother should be hypoallergenic, therefore sensitization ( the acquisition of hypersensitivity to various allergens) of the child's body can occur even during intrauterine development. The rules for a hypoallergenic diet during pregnancy are as follows: Limited intake of obligate food allergens. These include honey, seafood, cow's milk, eggs. Also, be careful when eating fruits and vegetables, the peel and / or pulp of which is painted in a bright red color. Refusal of those products that were not consumed before pregnancy. An allergic reaction and, as a result, fetal sensitization can be caused not only by standard allergens, but also by any other food product. Therefore, while carrying a child, you should not include in the diet products to which the body's reaction is not known. Eliminate oysters, guava, feijoa and other exotic foods. The body of a pregnant woman may react inadequately to such products, even if they were previously eaten. Reducing the amount of consumed preservatives, dyes, flavorings, flavor enhancers. A large number of such food additives are contained in products with a bright and / or unnatural taste, smell or color. Reducing fatty, fried, smoked and salty foods. Such food impairs the functionality of the liver and organs of the gastrointestinal tract, which increases the likelihood of an allergic reaction. Prevention of extragenital diseases Group of extragenital diseases ( EGZ) includes various diseases and pathological conditions that are not gynecological in nature. The category of extragenital pathologies includes: cardiovascular diseases ( increased or decreased blood pressure, arrhythmia, tachycardia in planning pregnancy. Timely adequate therapy of chronic diseases will prevent their transition to an acute form during childbearing. Prevention and adequate therapy of gestosis Gestosis is a complication of the normal course of pregnancy, which is accompanied by vomiting, edema, increased blood pressure and a deterioration in the general condition of the woman. Gestosis negatively affects the health of the fetus and leads to the formation of various pathologies of the congenital type, including diathesis. Measures for the prevention and treatment of gestosis are: limited physical activity; full night rest, which should be at least 8 - 9 hours; in the morning you should get out of bed slowly, without sudden movements; in the morning, shortly after waking up, you should drink 1 - 2 cups of water or fruit tea; a slice of black bread, which must be eaten on an empty stomach, will help to cope with morning sickness; also to combat morning sickness, you should drink water with lemon, rinse your mouth with a decoction of chamomile; elimination of stress factors and maintaining a positive emotional mood; exercise therapy for pregnant women; walks in the fresh air, which must be done every day; consumption of rosehip decoction, chamomile infusion, lingonberry leaf tea and other drinks, the total volume of which must be at least 2 liters; eating enough vegetables and fruits to supply the body with the necessary resources. Any medication for gestosis is prescribed by a doctor. Depending on the patient's condition, the doctor may prescribe sedatives, vitamins, medicines to lower blood pressure. Prevention of childhood diathesis after birth After birth, diathesis in children most often manifests itself with the introduction of complementary foods. Therefore, the main preventive measure is the observance of a number of rules when transferring a child from breast milk to products of the "adult" diet. The rules for switching from breast milk to other products are as follows: Timing. Vegetables and other foods should be introduced into the children's diet no earlier than 6 months after birth. If there were cases of diathesis in the child's history, breastfeeding should be continued until 7 to 8 months. Servings. The serving size for the first feeding should not exceed the size of one bean grain. In the next 7 to 10 days, the portion should be increased to one teaspoon. The same principles should be followed when introducing each new product into the children's diet. Products. Complementary foods should start with plant foods that have a low degree of allergenicity. It can be zucchini, green apples, broccoli. It is recommended to soak vegetables for at least 12 hours in water before cooking. Later, you can add chicken, turkey, veal. Diary. When introducing complementary foods, it is recommended to keep a food diary, in which you should record the products added to the children's menu and the child's body's reaction to complementary foods. As the child grows up, strengthening of children's immunity is of great importance in the prevention of diathesis. The simplest method of strengthening a child's body is exercise, which should be done in the morning. If possible, morning exercises should be done outdoors or with open windows. Also, parents should monitor the daily routine and control that the child falls asleep no later than 22.00, and wakes up no later than 07.00. Going to sleep and waking up within this time frame is an important requirement for strong immunity. Other measures to strengthen immunity for the prevention of diathesis are: restorative massage; hardening of the child's body; visiting sports sections; taking special drugs to strengthen immunity in autumn and spring. Prevention of diathesis in adults Diathesis is an innate feature of the body, which, as a person grows up, manifests itself less and less. And in most cases, the definition of "diathesis" means an allergic reaction of the child's body to certain foods. Nevertheless, in moments of weakening of immunity, diathesis occurs in adults. Measures for the prevention of diathesis in adults are: Developing resistance to stress. Chronic stress is one of the most common causes of weakened immune function in adults. To prevent diathesis, it is necessary to develop a tolerant attitude towards stressful circumstances. Meditation, sports, hobbies - these activities are among the most effective methods fight stress. Various breathing techniques and physical relaxation techniques can also help. Timely detection and treatment of diseases. Many diseases that turn into a chronic form weaken the immune system, which provokes diathesis in adults. Therefore, for the purpose of prevention, you should consult a doctor in a timely manner at the first sign of malaise and subsequently follow all the instructions given by the doctor. Balanced diet. An insufficient amount of fiber, vegetables and fruits, the predominance of fatty and fried foods - all this leads to dysfunction of the digestive system, as a result of which the body's barrier function weakens. Therefore, in order to prevent diathesis, an adult needs to consume at least 300 - 400 grams of vegetables and fruits per day, and reduce the amount of fatty foods to 120 - 150 grams per day. Fighting bad habits. Alcohol inhibits the absorption of vitamins and other valuable substances. Therefore, frequent consumption of alcoholic beverages can provoke a deficiency of useful elements. Reduces the benefits of food and smoking. So, after one smoked cigarette, the amount of vitamin C in the body decreases by 25 milligrams. Therefore, in order to prevent diathesis, adults need to minimize the amount of tobacco and alcohol consumed.

In babies, the skin sometimes begins to peel off, redness and small bursting blisters appear on it. Itching is especially unpleasant, which makes previously calm babies naughty and refuse to eat. This is how diathesis manifests itself, causing inconvenience to children and making their parents suffer.

Despite the extremely unpleasant symptoms, pediatricians do not attribute the pathological process to diseases, but consider it an individual feature of the child's body. Diathesis in infants should be treated immediately, otherwise it will become chronic, causing allergic reactions and atopic dermatitis.

Where does the treatment begin?

Redness and blisters are common symptoms of many skin conditions, as well as burns and injuries. Therefore, before starting the treatment of diathesis, the pediatrician diagnoses. The study helps not only to directly indicate the skin pathology, but also to determine its cause. In some cases, it is enough to exclude the factor provoking flaking and redness from the usual way of life, and the baby's skin becomes smooth again.

Diathesis is translated from Greek as "inclination". In some babies, the body is predisposed to skin rashes, this is his feature. Pathology is characterized by frequent changes in remissions and relapses. Infants have a hereditary tendency to certain diseases.
Most often these are:

• allergy;
• bacterial and viral infections;
• metabolic disorders;
• disorder of the immune system;
• salt diathesis of the kidneys;
• increased muscle tone.

Most often, redness and rashes are observed on the cheeks of babies, and sometimes skin pathology affects the forehead, arms, legs, back and abdomen. Diathesis is a child's innate predisposition to external and internal stimuli. This is how the immune system reacts to their penetration into the body of babies.

It is possible to cure diathesis in a child quickly and effectively only by establishing the cause of itching and blisters on the skin. High-quality diagnosis plays an important role in the further prevention of diathesis in a particular newborn. The provoking factors include:

• the use by a woman while carrying a child of products with a high content of chemical additives;
• the presence in the diet of a pregnant woman of foods that can provoke allergic reactions (oranges, grapefruits, chocolates, strawberries);
• a history of chronic pathologies in a woman (saline kidney diathesis, glomerulonephritis);
• infectious diseases in the mother during the period of bearing the baby;
• antibiotic therapy given during pregnancy;
• toxicosis in any trimester;
• insufficient amount of breast milk for feeding a newborn;
• the presence of an infant's allergy to cow's milk protein;
• introduction of new products into the child's diet.

An allergic reaction in infants can develop upon contact with allergic agents: plant pollen, animal hair, bird feathers, and household chemical vapors. If the diathesis has arisen suddenly, then parents should analyze what changes could contribute to its appearance. Maybe the family has moved to a new apartment or a member of the family has started using a new perfume. Or they began to add a new agent to the water for bathing the baby, which gives a lot of bubbles.

How to quickly get rid of skin rashes

The doctor begins to treat diathesis in adults and children in accordance with a specific therapeutic regimen. Since skin pathology is based on an allergic component, pediatricians recommend taking second generation antihistamines. These include:

• Claritin;
• Zodak;
• Zyrtec.

These pharmacological drugs do not have a sedative effect, which allows them to be used for long-term course of treatment. In some cases, first-generation anti-allergic agents are indicated. If the baby is anxious, often cries and does not sleep well at night, then medications will eliminate these negative signs of diathesis. First generation antihistamines can cause drowsiness, which is very important in severe itchy skin.

Especially effective:

• Suprastin;
• Pipolfen;
• Tavegil.

The pediatrician will calculate the dosage of drugs depending on the weight and age of the child. These medications are not suitable for long-term use due to side effects.

Most often, rashes and redness on the skin with diathesis occur on the baby's cheeks.

Despite the fact that diathesis is not considered a disease, its symptoms are very unpleasant and cause some inconvenience to the child. To reduce stress from itchy skin and prevent unwanted scratching, doctors recommend taking sedatives - Phenibut or Anvifen. They are prescribed in exceptional cases, when the baby refuses to eat and practically does not sleep. Such drugs have a lot of contraindications, so the doctor carefully selects an individual dosage.

If the diathesis appeared only on the child's cheeks, then itching can be eliminated with the help of herbal baths. When infusions of medicinal herbs are added to the water for bathing infants, biologically active substances penetrate into the body through the pores on the skin, providing a relaxing and sedative effect. These properties are possessed by:

• mint;
• Melissa;
• oregano;
• thyme.

When the cause of blisters on the cheeks is the use of new products or intolerance to cow's milk, the newborn is often diagnosed with dysbiosis. The course intake of probiotics - Linex, Acipol, Bifidumbacterin or Lactobacterin - will help to improve the work of the gastrointestinal tract. In infants, digestion will improve, not only skin rashes will disappear, but also chronic constipation, flatulence and pain in the tummy.

Many young parents often make one mistake. Having learned that the pathology in infants is based on the wrong response of the immune system to certain stimuli, they begin to give him immunomodulators. Most pediatricians have refused to use them in the treatment of any disease, especially in young children, due to their unproven effectiveness. The immune system of a newborn is imperfect for quite natural reasons. Excessive drug load will further weaken the completely unformed immunity.

Herbal baths eliminate itching during diathesis

Lotions, ointments and solutions

A combination of pharmacological drugs and topical agents will quickly help to cure the diathesis. If there are no severe rashes or redness on the skin of babies, then pediatricians advise parents to do only with baths or lotions. But sometimes diathesis with complications is diagnosed, especially in children after one year.

Kids at this age understand what caused the itching and how to make it subside for a while. They begin to scratch the bubbles, breaking their integrity. In place of the wounds, a secondary bacterial infection quickly joins, which can develop into weeping eczema. In this situation, treatment is carried out with internal and external agents, and sometimes it is not complete without taking antibiotics.

The composition of lotions, trays and solutions includes substances with drying, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. What can be used in the treatment of diathesis folk remedies in infants:

• in case of relapses, baths with a slightly pink solution of potassium permanganate are shown every day. The duration of the procedure is 7-10 minutes;
• diaper rash in babies can easily eliminate a well-known folk remedy. Put 5 tbsp in an enameled container. spoons of string and sage, pour a liter of boiling water. Insist for 3 hours, strain, add to the bath and bathe the baby without foam or soap;
• starch has a remarkable drying effect. 5 tbsp. Stir spoons of starch in 0.5 cups of cold water. Pour the resulting mixture into boiling water (1 liter) and boil until thickened. Cool and add to a bath with bathing water. After completing the procedure, lubricate the skin of the newborn with a nourishing baby cream;
• furacilin eliminates inflammation in newborns, dries out, destroys harmful bacteria. Dissolve 0.5 tablets of furacilin in a glass of hot water, cool. Soak a cotton cloth in a yellow liquid and apply to the area of ​​skin with rashes. Lotions with furacilin can be done 2-3 times a day;
• folk remedies include a solution of ordinary soda, which successfully fights against itchy skin babies. 1 tbsp. Dissolve a spoonful of soda in 0.5 warm water. Moisten a cloth napkin in the resulting solution and apply to the affected area of ​​the skin. The procedure is carried out 2 times a day until complete recovery.

If a child is diagnosed with mild diathesis, without rashes and redness, then dryness and flaking can be eliminated by regular use of baby oil and moisturizer at home. The composition of the funds should include medicinal plants with a calming and anti-inflammatory effect on the skin: string, marigold, chamomile, celandine.

On which parts of the body in infants diathesis is most often manifested

Ointments, gels, balms and creams

Another mistake of inexperienced parents is the independent acquisition of ointment from diathesis. You can try the entire pharmacy range, spend a lot of money and not achieve the desired results, or even worsen the condition of the child's skin. Any external remedy has age restrictions and a lot of unwanted side effects and contraindications. When an allergic agent becomes the cause of diathesis in infants, symptomatic treatment is ineffective, because the cause of the pathology has not been eliminated.

Moms and dads make the purchase of ointments on the advice of other parents or pharmacists at the pharmacy. But the cause of diathesis in newborns is individual. The remedy that helped one child will not have any effect on the other. Hormonal ointments (Elokom, Advantan) are used exclusively under the supervision of a doctor due to the presence of a huge list of contraindications. Most often, pediatricians recommend:

• Fenistil gel;
• Dexpanthenol (Panthenol, Bepanten);
• La-cree based on medicinal plants.

The attached bacterial infection must be treated with ointments, which include substances with antimicrobial action - Levomekol, Levosin, Vishnevsky liniment. For treatment of mild the degree of diathesis on the cheeks, you can use ointments and talkers with a drying effect. They will be prepared according to individual recipes in the prescription-production departments of pharmacies.

Concomitant treatment

Of great importance in the therapy of diathesis is the correct and balanced nutrition in the mother during the period breastfeeding newborn. Rashes and redness on the face of a child in most cases occur due to the use of a certain type of food by a woman:

• spicy pickles;
• fatty meats and fish;
• smoked meats;
• fresh fruits and vegetables;
• fat milk or cottage cheese.

During breastfeeding, the mother's nutrition should be similar to that of the diet. You can not include in the diet foods that can provoke allergic reactions. Nutritionists suggest using cooking techniques that help reduce the harmfulness of food:

• boil meat and fish, and drain the resulting broth;
• steam, stew food;
• pre-soak cereals and vegetables.

When buying, you should give preference to products with a lower content of additives, colors and flavors.

Pediatricians do not recommend introducing complementary foods consisting of two types of vegetables, fruits or meat. New products should be given to the baby in minimal quantities and the baby's reaction should be closely monitored. If a slight redness appears on the skin, then such food is not suitable for the child yet.

An excellent prevention of diathesis will be daily water procedures using special children's cosmetics. Do not wash babies' clothes with powders and gels that are intended for adults. During the period of breastfeeding, the mother should also take care of her health, treat colds and other diseases in time. And, of course, do not forget that only a pediatrician deals with diathesis therapy in any form.

The tendency of a baby under the age of three to allergic diseases, manifested in the form of dermatitis, is the very diathesis in children that brings so much concern to young parents and the crumbs themselves. After a year, children's cheeks can turn red even in those children who have not had any skin problems, allergies, or digestion before. Moreover, bright red, crowded spots can appear in children not only on the cheeks, but also on the bottom, neck, chest, and the inner surface of the elbow bends. And this is only the beginning of the manifestation of symptoms.

Symptoms

Many parents mistakenly believe that the only manifestation of diathesis in children is dermatitis (those very spots on the skin). In fact, the symptoms of this disease are quite diverse and only worsen the condition of the child over time in the absence of proper treatment. These include:

• irritability, lethargy, whims, lack of appetite, insomnia;
• constant attempts by the baby to comb the cheeks, because they are exposed to a merciless and non-stop itching, and this only worsens the skin condition - wounds and weeping sores are formed;
• over time, crusts form on the spots, which begin to peel off from the edges, and then get wet;
• stool disorders: either constipation, or diarrhea, or their alternation;
• , sore throat.

All these signs indicate a disease with which you need to immediately consult a doctor. Moreover, diathesis in infants proceeds in almost the same way as in older children (from 1 year to 3 years). In many ways, the symptoms will depend on what kind of disease overtook the baby. The prescribed treatment will depend on the correct diagnosis.

Kinds

Depending on the individual characteristics of the organism and some external factors, diathesis may be different. In medical practice, the following types of childhood diseases can be diagnosed:

• 1. Uric acid

Uric acid diathesis in children is a disease characterized by metabolic disorders during the formation and filtration of urine. In this state, the salts in the form of sand precipitate with a red hue, and then crystallize. The consequence is urolithiasis. The analyzes reveal serious violations of the qualitative composition of children's urine, as well as its daily amount. Indicators such as acidity and density change: they increase.

• 2. Neuro-arthric

Neuro-arthritic diathesis in children is a rather rare phenomenon, but it is a serious disease. The reason for its development is a violation of protein metabolism, genetically determined. An increased amount of uric acid is deposited in the joints in the form of crystals. Therefore, this form of children's diathesis is practically not amenable to correction and persists throughout life. So the treatment of diathesis in infants and older children in this case is aimed at maintaining the general condition of the baby.

• 3. Lymphatic-hypoplastic

Lymphatic-hypoplastic diathesis in children is characterized by increased cell growth (hyperplasia) lymphatic system and endocrine disorders, which is fraught with a further weakened immune system.

• 4. Exudative

Exudative diathesis in medical practice is also called atopic dermatitis. This is not so much an independent disease as a constitutional feature of the child. It is based on intolerance to certain food products, due to which various disturbances in water and fat metabolism occur. Allergies can be caused by cow's milk, honey, egg white, chocolate, citrus fruits, cocoa, strawberries, etc. Another name for the disease is exudative-catarrhal diathesis.

• 5. Allergic

Allergic diathesis is the most common occurrence among infants 3–6 months old. The reason is the predisposition of a small organism to inflammatory and allergic diseases. After 1-2 years, it goes away on its own. In this case, the treatment of diathesis in an infant is aimed primarily at relieving external symptoms and alleviating his condition. An important role in this case is played by unfavorable environmental factors and hereditary predisposition.

• 6. Hemorrhagic

Hemorrhagic diathesis in children is a clinical and hematological syndrome, which includes a whole group of acquired and hereditary diseases. A common feature is a severe and rather dangerous predisposition of a small organism to bleeding. Any violation of the vascular wall can lead to severe external or internal bleeding.

Each of the varieties has a certain set of characteristics, differs in its genesis and treatment. Diathesis is always especially difficult in children under one year old, which disrupts the normal life of the baby. The causes of the disease can be a variety of factors - due not only to the internal characteristics of the body, but also to external circumstances.

Causes

Doctors call the following most common causes of childhood diathesis:

• hereditary predisposition;
• toxicosis during pregnancy;
• unfavorable environment;
• excessive or uncontrolled use of drugs while carrying a baby;
• eating disorders of a woman who is carrying or feeding a child;
• improper feeding of children with food allergenic for him: eggs, honey, milk, pickles, berries, caviar, etc.;
• artificial feeding.

These are the main reasons for this phenomenon. The treatment of diathesis in children, which must be prescribed by a doctor without fail, will depend on them and on the type of disease.

Treatment

Only a qualified and experienced technician can supply correct diagnosis and explain in detail to parents how to treat diathesis in a child, what measures to take and drugs to use. Therapy may include:

• a diet that involves the exclusion of allergenic foods from the diet of not only the baby, but also the nursing mother;
• ointment for diathesis in children: it can be Elokom, Advant, Celestoderm (hormonal ointments), as well as diphenhydramine-zinc paste (Guzhienko), Elidel, Fenistil-gel - non-hormonal drugs; how to smear diathesis on the sensitive skin of a child, only a doctor should decide;
• treatment with folk remedies in support of the main therapy: it can be crushed egg shells, a decoction of bay leaves, fir or sea ​​buckthorn oil, alder, potatoes;
• proper care of baby's skin: herbal baths, high-quality, spacious clothes made from natural materials, adherence to hygiene rules.

It is possible to cure diathesis in a child only with a competent approach and timely measures taken. Sometimes arrogant parents want to rid their baby of the disease with home methods. They do not understand that no hand-made ointments and even a diet sometimes work, because the mechanism of the course of the disease has not been clarified. This can only be determined in laboratory conditions under the supervision of a physician.