Diagnosis of vision in children at the Excimer. Pediatric ophthalmology Examination of young children

Eye examination in children- complex diagnostic activities, allowing timely and early detection of possible visual acuity disorders and their effective elimination. Certain vision problems occur in a person at any age, but it is in childhood that conditions are formed for the development of various pathologies in the future. If the child has begun to see worse, complains of headaches or fatigue in the eyes, it is necessary to consult an ophthalmologist as soon as possible to check visual acuity and prescribe adequate treatment (if necessary).

Basic indications

Already in the first months of life, it is possible to identify violations of the visual system. In the maternity hospital, the first time the child is examined, the doctor can recognize signs of a congenital disease or anomalies of the eyes. Maximum attention is paid to children who were born earlier than planned or after a difficult birth. If you suspect an ailment, you need to consult an ophthalmologist.

In the first year of life, it is recommended to have vision tests at the age of 3, 6 and 12 months. In the future, in the absence of complaints, it is imperative to visit an ophthalmologist at the age of 3, 5 years and already directly in front of the school. Doctors recommend conducting a preventive examination of children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 at least twice a year. Only in this case, it is possible to timely identify the first symptoms of hyperopia, myopia, strabismus, astigmatism and other pathologies leading to disruption of the functioning of the visual system.

How to prepare for the study

If a child complains of blurred vision or the parents themselves have discovered certain signs of problems with him, you should seek the advice of an ophthalmologist. Avoid scheduling a visit to your doctor when you have a respiratory illness. Feeling unwell leads to the fact that the child becomes irritable and capricious, and this can prevent the correct diagnosis of the condition of the eyes. Children over 3 years old must be sure to explain the purpose of the visit and the essence of the upcoming procedure. The doctor is required to conduct an examination in the most relaxed and playful way, as well as to inspire confidence in the child.

Research features

Diagnostics begins with examining the state of the mucous membrane, conjunctiva, eyelids, determining their mobility and shape.

Eyesight test methods:

  • determination of visual acuity using test tables (Sivtseva, Orlova, Golovin, Snellen);
  • computer diagnostics;
  • color perception test using glasses with color filters;
  • shadow test;
  • fundus examination with an ophthalmoscope;
  • light test for the reaction of the pupil to light;
  • checking the focus of the gaze on a moving object.

Children's ophthalmology - our children's ophthalmology center has a full set of equipment for diagnosis and treatment eye diseases in children. The department is headed by an experienced clinician with more than ten years of experience in European clinics.

Modern equipment allows you to conduct a complete ophthalmological examination of a child of any age, prescribe the correct correction (glasses or contact lenses), and, if necessary, carry out complex treatment of amblyopia, strabismus, myopia, using both traditional and modern computer techniques.

THIS IS INTERESTING: Few people know that newborn babies have very low vision, which subsequently gradually improves, improves and reaches normal values ​​by about seven years of age.

An early ophthalmological examination will allow timely identification of deviations from the norm and timely start the necessary eye treatment in children. Nature has decreed that if you do not deliver on time correct diagnosis and not to carry out treatment before the age of ten, and in some cases, up to three to five years, then in the future even an anatomically normal eye will not acquire the ability to high vision.

How to prepare for your visit to an ophthalmologist?

Before starting the examination of children and adolescents (under 16 years old), the doctor collects anamnesis, i.e. history of past illnesses.

It is important to know how the child was born, on time or earlier, how much it weighed, is there chronic diseases, whether other specialists have observed what allergies were, what, as expressed, it is recommended to remember and clarify what medications there was an allergic reaction.

In general, the examination of the child lasts about 2 hours(taking into account the expectation of pupil dilation). After such an examination, some patients will not be able to read and write, or do their homework. After admission, a certificate is issued to the school.

If your child already wears contact lenses, then for a full initial or follow-up appointment (every 6 months), you should come without contact lenses, but with glasses. Contact lenses should be removed at least 1 hour before visiting an ophthalmologist.

If you have signed up your child for contact correction and for repeated monitoring - come without contact lenses, wearing glasses, bring lenses in a container, preferably bring lens boxes (or foil from a blister) so that the doctor can make sure which lenses your child wears according to the parameters.

In contact lenses, you should come to an appointment only if the doctor has told about it. This is done only if the doctor needs to do vision control and the child has to be in the lenses for several hours.

Why is it important to see a pediatric ophthalmologist regularly?



Light energy, correct perception of images of the surrounding world with the eye - all this stimulates the growth of the child, his metabolic processes, normalizes and accelerates psychophysical development from the first year of life.

90% of information about the world around is perceived through the eye, and children master the world around them primarily thanks to their eyesight. It is at this time that the connection between the eye and the cerebral cortex is formed and strengthened.

The absence or incorrect correction of refractive errors (hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism), strabismus, congenital eye diseases, their late diagnosis can lead to irreversible consequences!

Children's ophthalmology in Moscow is well developed. And our ophthalmological clinic is equipped with the most modern equipment, which is constantly updated.

Very often, childhood strabismus is a consequence of poor vision and is accompanied by neurological pathology.

 Treatment of amblyopia ("lazy eye")

Amblyopia ("lazy eye") is incomplete visual acuity even when wearing glasses with the most complete correction. It is successfully treated only in childhood.

 Nearsightedness, hyperopia, or astigmatism can lead to squint. The risks are especially great in childhood!

This is due to the fact that the eye muscles, with different visual acuity in the eyes, work with different efforts and gradually the eye begins to shift. This, in turn, leads to an even stronger decrease in vision, exacerbating the incipient squint.

Position
about the procedure for the patient's treatment
in JSC " Medical services"Polyclinic number 6

  1. All appointments of the specialists of Polyclinic No. 6 are carried out by appointment. In this regard, you can make an appointment with the specialist you are interested in by calling +7 495 474-00-00 or +7 499 189-98-48, as well as through our website www.site
  2. If you do not know exactly which specialist to contact, you need to sign up for a consultation with a general practitioner (therapist) for a full examination and, if necessary, for further referral to narrow specialists.
  3. At the first visit, for the purpose of registration required documents(agreements for the provision of paid services, consent to the processing of biometric personal data, rules for the provision of paid medical services by medical organizations, as well as informed voluntary consent to medical intervention and refusal of medical intervention in relation to certain types of medical interventions), you must go to the reception desk no later than 15 minutes before the appointed time of appointment of a specialist, be sure to have an identity document with you.
  4. Medical services are rendered as for cash in rubles, by bank transfer (bank cards), under the policy of voluntary medical insurance (VMI), under concluded contracts. Payment can be made at the box office on the 1st floor, as well as at the box office of the Dental Department of the Polyclinic on the 2nd floor. In addition, for the convenience of patients calling a doctor at home, it is possible to pay for this service through the Internet portal www.site
  5. At the entrance to the Polyclinic, please put on shoe covers, as well as hand over your outerwear to the cloakroom located to the left of the entrance to keep the Clinic clean.
  6. We kindly ask you to arrive at the Polyclinic in advance in order to avoid being late for an appointment with a specialist. If you are more than 10 minutes late, the specialist will have to admit the next patient by postponing your visit to a free time from the appointment (possibly to another visiting day).
  7. If the Patient has test results or other research methods obtained in other medical institutions Russian Federation, please provide them to a specialist for review on paper in a readable form at the beginning of the appointment.
  8. Please note that the approximate appointment time is no more than 30 minutes, in connection with which you should respect the work of our specialists, as well as patients who are waiting for their appointment time, including mute the mobile phone before entering the office, and also do not try communicate with a specialist on topics distracted from the medical reception.
  9. Having received the results of all prescribed studies, you must make an appointment for a second consultation (at a discount) with a doctor who, based on these results, will make a final decision and prescribe the necessary treatment. In case of incomplete registration and loading of the specialist, we will be happy to carry out a second consultation on the day of the first appointment.
  10. If there is a need to obtain an extract or a copy of medical documentation, please make a written application addressed to the Chief Physician of the Polyclinic. We undertake to provide the relevant documents within five days.
  11. We are happy to provide documents for the tax service. To do this, you must contact the office of the Chief Physician of the Polyclinic in advance.
  12. Treatment of children under 18 years of age is carried out necessarily accompanied by a legal representative (one of the parents or another person with a notarized power of attorney).
  13. If you have any questions about the quality of treatment, please submit a written application addressed to the Deputy Chief Physician of the Polyclinic for Medical Work. Our registrars will help you with this. We will definitely consider each request as soon as possible and report the results.
  14. It seems necessary to inform that we reserve the right to refuse to provide the service without explaining the reasons to visitors with the smell of alcohol, inappropriate behavior.
  15. If you are late or cannot arrive at the reception at all, please notify us by phone: +7 495 474-00-00 or +7 499 189-98-48. At this time, we can help the person who needs our help.
We hope that visiting our clinic will help you solve your health problems!

Sincerely,
Administration of JSC "Medical Services" Polyclinic No. 6

Vision is a necessary tool for learning about the world for every child.

Most of the information about the world around us we get thanks to our eyes, which means that they must be healthy and see clearly. Good eyesight helps your child to study a new subject carefully, react quickly when playing with peers, and better assimilate new knowledge in the classroom. But according to disappointing statistics cited by the Ministry of Health,over a million children in Russiasuffer from various ophthalmic diseases. Moreover, this indicator began to grow most actively in the last15 years, i.e. with the advent of the Internet and modern computer games.

The sooner parents pay attention to the health of their child's eyes, the more chances it is to preserve it for many years and correct it if the need arises. It is in childhood that you canget rid of many ophthalmic diseases,without resorting to surgical intervention. The organ of vision develops up to 12-14 years old, and at this time the child's eyes are very receptive and flexible. But, in order to take action on time, it is necessary to constantly monitor the condition of the baby's eyes and regularly carry outdiagnostics... Otherwise, you run the risk of missing a favorable moment or even missing the deterioration of the condition, which will be much more difficult to cope with in the future.

If you want really qualified specialists to take care of your child's eye health, contact"First Eye Clinic".

We have everything you need to carry out a comprehensive diagnosis and, if necessary, draw up an individual treatment plan for your child. All manipulations are carried out in a comfortable environment and in a trusting atmosphere.

We offer the following services for young patients:

  • Dynamic observation by an ophthalmologist.The baby's visual system grows and develops with him. At the same time, she experiences serious overload when the child begins to prepare for school. In the future, the eyes have to regularly deal with huge amounts of visual information. Thanks to regular monitoring by a specialist of our clinic, you can form an individual preventive program and adjust it in accordance with the circumstances.
  • Complex visual stimulation of vision.Long-term formation of the organs of vision gives ophthalmologists time to correct various problems in childhood. The First Eye Clinic offers various programs for the restoration of vision in young patients. All procedures are absolutely safe and not accompanied by discomfort or pain.
  • Ophthalmic surgery.In some cases, ophthalmologists have to perform surgery on children. This is the only way to save vision from rapid deterioration, for example, with congenital cataracts or glaucoma. All surgical interventions are carried out in a gentle manner and using the most delicate technologies.
  • Correction of myopia and hyperopia.These conditions require careful observation, competent correction with glasses and gymnastics for the eyes. Only A complex approach allows you to prevent the disease from progressing. An individual program is developed for each little patient.
  • Strabismus treatment.The sooner you see a specialist about the treatment of strabismus in a child, the better. Otherwise, amblyopia or decreased vision in one eye ("lazy eye syndrome") may develop. In addition, a cosmetic defect with strabismus can become a reason for ridicule from peers and lead to psychological complexes. We provide both therapeutic and surgery squint.

Regular observation by a pediatric ophthalmologist is very important, because at this age you can easily solve all your child's vision problems.

Remember that the absence of vision complaints does not mean that they do not exist: the child may be embarrassed to talk about them or think that it should be so.

Only an examination by a highly qualified specialist will make it possible to make an accurate diagnosis and reveal all the nuances.


Come in "First Eye Clinic"and we will take care of your child's eyes.

At the same time, you will be pleased with our prices and social benefits.

Sign up for a consultation through the website and get an extra discount!

Approximately 50% of children remain farsighted, the rest become either myopic or retain normal vision. With farsightedness up to 3.0 diopters, due to the constant tension of the refractive media of the eye in most patients, vision remains good in the distance, and satisfactory near, therefore, such farsightedness is called hidden and many children do not use glasses, but experience discomfort with vision far and near, periodic lacrimation, headache, so-called asthenopic complaints. To reveal the power of latent hyperopia, modern pediatric ophthalmology uses eye cycloplegia to determine the required refraction.

  • In the presence of asthenopic complaints, children should be examined for latent hyperopia.
  • If it is detected, the doctor prescribes glasses and prescribes accommodation training on the devices.
  • Farsightedness, like myopia in childhood, is corrected with glasses or contact lenses.
  • In the future, with age, the degree of hyperopia in humans usually does not change.

Correction of children's ametropia

Farsightedness remains in a child if, for any reason, there is a delay in the growth of the eyeballs (excluding hereditary predisposition). There are two reasons: the presence of a very flat cornea, which has a significantly reduced refractive power. The second reason is the absence of a lens in the eye, as the most important part of the refractive optical system of the eye. There may be a congenital absence of the lens, as well as its removal, for example, after a severe injury. In our ophthalmological clinic, such children (regardless of age) undergo lens implantation operations. These operations help to preserve the eye as an organ of vision, prevent the development of amblyopia and promote the preservation or development of binocular functions.

Correction of myopia, in our opinion, must necessarily be prescribed (the sooner, the better) children who have a threat of binocular vision impairment. The total number of nearsighted people on the planet is approaching one billion people. Children are especially susceptible to this ailment. The problem of myopia is recognized as one of the main problems in modern ophthalmology.

Until recently, measures to combat myopia were reduced mainly to improving the social and hygienic conditions of visual work and improving the health of children. In case of myopia, to prevent its progression, it is necessary to prescribe glasses that would allow visual work to be performed close to with significantly reduced accommodative-convergent loads.

If the child is assigned the maximum distance correction, then when working close, such glasses cause accommodation to work, which leads to further progression of myopia. In our clinic, in order to prevent the progression of myopia in children, we widely use individually selected training regimens for the treatment of myopia and its progression.

The so-called sphero-prismatic glasses BSPO have become widespread in pediatric ophthalmology - the upper zone is intended for distance vision, and the lower, sphero-prismatic, reduces the load when working near, i.e. there will be no conditions for the progression of myopia. The proportion between accommodation and convergence is maintained - the basis of normal binocular vision.

In our clinic, special tests are used to promptly identify children at risk for myopia - it is they who first of all need to be prescribed unloading optics to prevent the progression of myopia.

Astigmatism, as a rule, is a congenital condition of the optics of the eye associated with the lack of sphericity of the cornea and (or) lens during intrauterine formation of the eyeball. In addition to congenital features of the eyeball, the causes of astigmatism can be: eye injuries, surgical interventions on the eyeball, corneal diseases. Due to this, light rays at different points of the curved cornea or lens will be refracted in different ways, with different strengths and form a fuzzy image on the retina. To correct astigmatism, special cylindrical glasses and contact lenses are used. Surgical methods for correcting vision, including for astigmatism, can be recommended mainly after reaching the age of 18. However, with anisometropia, amblyopia, the issue of vision can be resolved earlier.

Amblyopia - low visual acuity in the normal anatomical condition of the eye, most often one eye. The reason may be strabismus, neglect of wearing glasses with low visual acuity (poor correction of astigmatism), clouding of the optical media (thorns, cataracts), corneal opacity, keratoconus, ptosis, etc. If the optics of the eye are not disturbed in the child, then a good, clear image of the surrounding objects gets on the retina, and gradually the vision begins to perceive the small details of the surrounding world. If, for some reason, the image does not reach the retina well, because of poor optics (myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, etc.) or because of low illumination of the place where a small child is constantly located, the visual analyzer remains underdeveloped, and subsequently it able to distinguish objects only at the level of clarity that was available to him from the very beginning. Amblyopia can develop at any age, even in the elderly.

It should be noted that when the visual acuity of one eye is lower than 20%, which is often found in amblyopia, binocular vision is impaired, which is the ability of both eyes to combine the individual images they see into a single perceived picture. Binocular vision, accordingly, serves as a very important mechanism in the process of human adaptation to the environment, as it is a three-dimensional display of reality. It determines the depth, its volume. Monocular vision, that is, vision with one eye in the absence of the second or with a significant decrease in its vision, displays the world around us in only two planes.It is very important that in the event of a violation of binocular vision, the ability to correctly assess the distance to the object is lost, the sense of distance disappears.

Correction of pediatric strabismus

It is very important in a person's life to have binocular vision, and it is formed in early childhood. Therefore, every child should be consulted by an ophthalmologist to identify and eliminate possible reasons the appearance and development of a "lazy eye", for example, in the case of congenital cataracts. The earlier the treatment of amblyopia is started, the higher the child's vision as a result can be. If the child is started and the treatment of amblyopia is not started on time, then he gets used to looking with one eye and this state of visual functions is determined only in school years at annual medical examinations at school. Sometimes, even with a diagnosis of abliopia, parents are in no hurry to start treatment or do not take it seriously, and therefore the time so important for starting treatment is missed.

It is best to correct amblyopia before the age of 5-7 years; after the end of the formation of the visual analyzer, i.e. after 10-12 years, it is difficult to correct the visual defect. Very often these children develop strabismus. So if the child sees the same with each eye, i.e. a clear image of objects falls on the retina, then eyeballs will move at the same time, and if the vision of one eye is reduced, i.e. the eye is amblyopic, the muscles do not have a normal tone, are innervated in different ways, the eyeballs work asynchronously, and strabismus is visually noted.

It should be especially noted that strabismus is not just a cosmetic defect, it can be considered as a disease of the child's nervous system, leading to severe visual impairment. Basically, there are two main types of strabismus: friendly and paralytic. The presence of an alternating deviation of the eyes from the object being fixed is possible. This strabismus is called alternating.

In the OcoMed clinic, doctors conduct a thorough examination of all patients and, if necessary, prescribe special treatment glasses in combination with exercises on devices. The earlier treatment is started, the more chances are to restore vision, eliminating the cause and preventing the development of impaired binocular functions.

Asthenopia is a complex of phenomena associated with a feeling of discomfort when reading and visual work near, headaches that cause fatigue, decreased performance, an increase in the number of errors, and a deterioration in mood.

As a rule, asthenopic phenomena arise due to a discrepancy between the state of the ocular muscular apparatus and the tasks that it must perform in the process of visual function, or, more simply, the weakness of the ocular muscles.

Many children, as well as adults, especially with prolonged visual stress, quickly get tired, which usually happens in children with high refractions - high farsightedness, anisometropia (a large difference in refraction of more than 2 diopters between the two eyes). Some older people have the same phenomena in distance vision - in this case, effective help with glasses can be provided.

Such patients are recommended a course of special exercises on devices that prevent the decrease in binocular functions, the development of amblyopia, and the correction of diplopia. If necessary, the selection of special spectacle correction, including prismatic. This complex of treatment can be temporary - as a result of exercise, massage, sphero-prismatic glasses, it can be reduced or gradually canceled.

Concomitant strabismus - in the world at least 2.5% of children suffer from this ailment. There are the following types of friendly strabismus: monolateral (always mows only one eye), alternating (mowing alternately one or the other eye). Friendly squint is not only an external unpleasant flaw, At the same time, such a person does not have normal binocular and stereoscopic vision, does not perceive the volumetric arrangement of objects, and cannot work in industries associated with moving parts. Many specialties are closed to him.

Currently, in world practice, the most widespread are surgical methods for correcting strabismus. However, as statistics show, the percentage of functional success in this case is small - very few patients receive normal binocular vision. In the overwhelming majority, there is only a slight decrease in the angle of strabismus, or only a temporary effect. It should be said that the operated eye muscles sharply lose their working capacity. Therefore, in postoperative patients, the percentage of functional success in treatment with our method is significantly lower.

In our clinic, we use a treatment regimen for patients with binocular vision impairment, selected individually for each patient. After a thorough examination of the patient - refraction of the eyes, all biometric parameters, examination of the fundus and checking the functionality of the eyes - the doctor prescribes treatment, which is reduced to:

  • Selection and recommendations for wearing spectacle correction, sometimes sphero-prismatic, selection of contact correction (treatment is aimed at increasing visual acuity and reducing double vision);
  • Appointment of special home workouts;
  • Course pleopto-orthoptic treatment according to an individual scheme.

One of the important features of the organ of vision is the ability to clearly see objects at different distances from the eye - accommodation. The main means of accommodation of the eye is the lens, its ability to become convex or flat under various loads on the eye. The ciliary muscles of the eyes are actively involved in this process. The further the object under consideration is located from the eye, the more the lens should flatten, the closer the object, the more convex the lens must be in order for the image to be clear. This is the accommodation mechanism.

Under unfavorable conditions, the ciliary muscles spasm, i.e. continue to remain in a reduced form when the eye has already ceased to fix a closely located object. As a result, distance vision is impaired. This condition is called a spasm of accommodation or may have another name - just like with myopia, the refractive power of the eye increases significantly. As a rule, spasm is typical for adolescent children and young people. The revealed spasm of accommodation necessarily requires prompt treatment, since an untreated spasm leads to the appearance and growth of true true myopia.

Children's ophthalmology at the OkoMed clinic

The OkoMed clinic provides full diagnostics and subsequent therapeutic or surgical treatment of the identified diseases. An individual treatment program is drawn up for each child. Ophthalmologists work here, who have extensive practical experience in working with children, understand the psychology of the child's personality, which makes the treatment most effective and comfortable.

As a result of a course of treatment (10-15 sessions), visual acuity increases by 15-20% in 85% of cases, the supply of accommodation increases by 3-4 diopters. In children who work a lot with a computer, visual performance increases, complaints of visual discomfort and decreased vision disappear.

We carry out ametropia correction - available big choice frames for both the smallest patients and adolescents. The clinic has a contact correction room, a large selection of soft contact lenses, in case of astigmatism, in addition to spectacle correction, we use toric contact lenses.

In case of progressive myopia, strabismus, congenital cataracts, the clinic performs surgical treatment... The clinic provides assistance to patients who apply for an emergency that does not require hospitalization.

After a thorough examination of the child, parents receive answers to all questions of interest about the condition of his eyes and recommendations for the future. In childhood, it is much easier to cope with various diseases of the visual system, or you can simply prevent them from developing.

The clinic successfully treats diseases:

  • congenital and acquired myopia (myopia);
  • hyperopia (farsightedness);
  • accommodation spasm;
  • astigmatism;
  • amblyopia;
  • cataracts;
  • glaucoma;
  • various types of strabismus;
  • pathologies optic nerve and the retina.

In our clinic, optimal conditions have been created not only for examination, but also for recreation of children.

Prices for pediatric ophthalmology services

Apparatus treatment for children with binocular vision impairment and retinal pathologies - 10 sessions from 15,000 rubles.
It is performed only for patients treated in the OkoMed ophthalmological clinic, after the appointment of the attending physician.